列车乘员二次碰撞损伤及桌板参数优化

Passenger Secondary Collision Damage Analysis and Table Parameter Optimization

为了降低碰撞事故中乘员损伤,采用HybridⅢ型50%男性刚性假人,建立了包含座椅和桌板的假人碰撞分析模型。以桌板与假人H点的相对位置参数X、Z、厚度T为设计变量,设计三因子五水平的正交试验,研究了各变量对乘员头部、颈部、胸部和腿部损伤的影响规律;采用Kriging代理模型建立了桌板尺寸参数与颈部损伤参数Nij、综合损伤指标WIC之间的关系;采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法求解桌板参数优化设计问题,得到最优桌板尺寸参数,并进行优化方案验证。结果表明:优化后的桌板布局可以有效避免碰撞过程中头部与桌板的直接接触,头部损伤参数HIC_(15)降低了95%,颈部损伤参数N_(ij)降低了58%,胸部损伤参数ThAC降低了71%,左右腿股骨轴向力分别降低39%和37%,乘员碰撞损伤显著降低,桌板优化方案可为内饰安全设计提供参考。

In order to reduce occupant injury in collision accidents of passive train safety research,a dummy collision analysis model including seat and table was established based on HybridⅡ50%male rigid dummy.The relative distance X and Z between the table and the Design Hip point(H-point)and the table thickness T were selected as factors to design orthogonal test with three factors and five levels to analyze the influence of each variable on the injuries of the occupant head,neck,chest and legs.The Kriging approximation model was used to establish the relationship between the interior table parameters and the neck injury criterion(N_(ij))and the weighted injury criterion(WIC).NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm was used to solve the design problem of optimal table parameters,and the optimization scheme was verified.The results show that the dummy avoids the risk of direct collision between the head and the table with head injury criterion(HIC_(15))of occupants reduction by 95%,neck injury criterion(N_(ij))decrease by 57%,thorax acceptability criterion(ThAC)reduction by 71%and axial force of the femurs decrease by 39%and 37%.Occupant collision damage is significantly reduced.