基于尺寸优化和拓扑优化的减速器齿轮轻量化设计

Lightweight Design of A Reduction Gear Based on Size and Topology Optimization

以齿轮轻量化为设计目标,对某减速器齿轮进行结构优化设计。对齿轮参数化模型进行接触静力学分析,采用Matlab遗传算法工具箱与Ansys联合优化方法,得到齿轮最优结构尺寸参数;尺寸优化后齿轮副总重量减小了43.5%,最大齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力均小于结构许用应力。以结构柔度最小为目标函数,去除材料质量为约束条件,对主动齿轮轮辐进行拓扑优化,当去除材料为80%时,主动齿轮质量大约减小23.5%。经静力学分析可知,优化后模型满足齿轮结构强度要求,从而为齿轮轻量化设计提供了一种新的思路和方法。

For the purpose of the lightweight for gears,the structure optimization of a certain reduction gear was carried out,and the contact stress field of the gear parametric model was analyzed.Matlab genetic algorithm and Ansys were used collaboratively to calculate the optimal dimension parameters of the gears.The mass of the gears after size optimization is reduced by 43.5%.The maximum tooth surface contact stress and tooth root bending stress are less than the permissible stress.Taken the minimum structure flexibility as the objective function and the material removal mass as the constraint function,the topology optimization of the driving gear spoke was carried out.When the 80%material of the gear spoke is removed,the driving gear mass is reduced by 23.5%.The static stress analysis results show that the structure strength of the optimized gear fully meets the requirements,which provides a new method for the lightweight design of the gears.