引进大白菜种质资源表型多样性分析

Phenotypic diversity analysis of introduced Chinese cabbage germplasm resources

为了给大白菜新品种选育、种质改良和基础生物学研究提供新的材料和表型数据参考,通过调查和图像分析技术汲取了138份国内外大白菜种质资源的32个表型性状数据并进行多样性分析。结果表明,32个性状变异系数、多样性指数和均匀度指数分别为3.64%~52.82%、0.69~2.09、0.68~1.00,平均值分别为33.73%、1.69和0.88,其中叶色变异系数最大,株高和最大外叶主叶脉多样性指数最大;荷兰引进材料以叶色浅绿、叶球筒形合抱为主,北京和河北2地种质表型具有多样性;经主成分分析将32个性状归为10个主成分,累计贡献率为72.70%,其中叶球的6个连续性性状和结球期最大外叶的6个连续性性状分别居于第1和第2主成分;聚类分析将138份材料聚为5类,经过典型特征性状分析可分别归纳为小株型、小外叶型、高产型、叶球松散型和大株型。综上所述,引进的种质资源具有丰富的表型多样性,可进一步应用于大白菜种质资源创新。

To provide new materials and phenotypic data references for the breeding,germplasm improvement,and basic biological research of Chinese cabbage,32 phenotypic traits of 138 Chinese cabbage germplasm resources imported from local and oversea regions were determined by investigation and image analysis technology,and their diversity was examined.The results showed that the coefficient of variation,diversity index and richness index of the 32 individual traits were 3.64%-52.82%,0.69-2.09 and 0.68-1.00,respectively.The average values of them accounted for 33.73%,1.69 and 0.88,respectively,among which the leaf color coefficient of variation exhibited the highest value,and the plant height and the main leaf vein diversity index of the largest outer leaf remained the highest value.Germplasm resources imported from the Netherlands exhibited the major phenotypes with light green leaves and cylindrical,inward-curling leafy head,while germplasm recourses imported from Beijing and Hebei province had the highly diverse phenotypes.The principal component analysis revealed that 32 individual traits were classified into 10 principal components,and the cumulative contribution rate was 72.70%,among which 6 continuous traits of leaf heading and 6 continuous traits of the largest outer leaf at the heading stage were ranked number one in the first and second principal components,respectively.The clustering analysis results clustered 138 materials into five categories,and the classical type characteristic trait analysis can be divided into small plant type,small outer leaf type,high yield type,loose leaf ball type,and large plant type.In summary,the introduced germplasm resources have rich phenotypic diversity and can be further applied to the innovation of Chinese cabbage germplasm.