铺设闪蒸法农用地膜对西瓜田昆虫群落及病毒病的影响

Influence of flash distillated fiber film on insect community and virus disease in watermelon field

为了明确铺设闪蒸法农用地膜对西瓜田昆虫群落及病毒病的影响,在西瓜田间铺设闪蒸法农用地膜,并在瓜田悬挂黄色粘虫板诱集监测田间昆虫数量,在西瓜采收前调查病毒病发病率。结果表明,在西瓜生长初期铺设闪蒸法农用地膜对瓜田的瓜蚜、瓜蓟马、叶蝉类和盲蝽类等昆虫有显著的驱避作用。与常规铺设黑色地膜相比,增铺闪蒸法农用地膜后1~8 d,瓜蚜、瓜蓟马、叶蝉类、盲蝽类诱集的数量分别减少了96.12%、99.13%、85.89%、100.00%,只有甲虫数量上升;铺设闪蒸法农用地膜后9~15 d,瓜蚜、瓜蓟马、叶蝉类、盲蝽类诱集数量分别减少11.11%、94.02%、93.60%、81.82%,铺设闪蒸法农用地膜区域病毒病的病株率较对照区域下降了32.35%。综上所述,闪蒸法农用地膜对几种重要的西瓜害虫具有很强的趋避作用,随后由于西瓜蔓迅速生长,覆盖部分闪蒸法农用地膜,对蚜虫等趋避作用开始下降。研究结果可为西瓜生产中病虫害防控提供新方法,进而显著降低病毒病的发病率。

To understand the influence of flash distillated fiber film to insect community in the watermelon field,the yellow sticky band were hung to trap and monitor the number of insects in the field.The insects trapped on the sticky band were checked each week.The results showed that numbers of the melon aphis,melon thrip,leaf hopper and mirid bug reduced 96.12%,99.13%,85.89%and 100.00%during 1-8 d after the field was covered with flash distillated fiber film.During 9-15 d,the pests were reduced 11.11%,94.02%,93.60%and 81.82%respectively.The incidence rate of virus diseases in the area where the flash distillated fiber film was laid decreased by 32.35%compared to the control area.In summary,the flash distillated fiber film has a strong repellent effect on several important watermelon pests.Subsequently,due to the rapid growth of watermelon vines and the coverage of some flash distillated fiber film,the repellent effect on aphids and other pests began to decrease.The results provide a new way to prevent diseases and pests in watermelon production.