蒲公英切根萌芽特性研究

Study on the sprouting characteristics of dandelion root cuttings

为明确蒲公英根是否具有繁殖能力及萌芽特性,以蒲公英肉质根为试材,采用2因素3水平试验和4因素3水平正交试验设计,研究了蒲公英根萌生新芽和新根的特性以及根段不同长度、粗度、取材部位和埋根方法对蒲公英根萌芽生长的影响。结果表明,蒲公英埋根后5 d即可萌芽,新芽最早形成于根横断面中心部位的韧皮部,且均从根段的生物学顶端萌生,根体侧方无萌芽能力。不同处理组合首芽出现时间5~19 d不等;20 d时出苗率最低为6.67%,最高已达100%,各因素对出苗率影响大小的顺序为埋根方式>根粗度>根长度>根段部位;40 d时出苗率最低为66.67%,最高为100%,对40 d出苗率影响大小的顺序为根长度>根粗度>根段部位>埋根方式。各因素不同水平整体表现为中上段>下段,中粗根和粗根>细根,根长4~6 cm>2 cm,埋根方式上表现为正立、平放>倒立,适合大田栽培的优选组合为根长4~6 cm、粗度0.5 cm以上、平放埋根。综上所述,蒲公英根有较强的繁殖能力,切根可作为种子繁育的拓宽途径应用于生产实践。

To investigate the reproductive capability and germination characteristics of dandelion roots,a study was conducted using fleshy dandelion roots as the experimental materials.The two-factor three-level and four-factor three-level orthogonal experimental designs were employed to examine the characteristics of new shoot and root emergence,as well as the effects of root segment length,thickness,sampling location,and burial methods on dandelion root germination and growth.The results showed that dandelion could sprout within 5 days after burial.The new shoots first appeared in the cambium layer at the central part of the root's cross-section.Furthermore,all shoots emerged from the biological apex of the root section,while the lateral sides of the root did not have the ability to sprout.The appearance of the first sprouts varied from 5 to 19 days among different treatment combinations.At 20 days,the lowest emergence rate was 6.67%,while the highest reached 100%.The order of influence on emergence rate among the factors was as follows:burial method>root thickness>root length>root segment position.At 40 days,the lowest emergence rate was 66.67%,and the highest was 100%.The overall trend of different levels of each factor showed that the upper-middle segment>lower segment,medium-thick roots and thick roots>thin roots,root length of 4-6 cm>2 cm,and upright or flat burial>inverted burial.The optimal combination for field cultivation was a root length of 4-6 cm,thickness of 0.5 cm or above,and flat burial.In conclusion,dandelion roots possess strong reproductive capability and can be utilized as an alternative approach for seed propagation in practical applications.