中国地下储气库建设需求与关键技术发展方向

Construction demand and key technology development direction of underground gas storage in China

能源低碳化与清洁化是中国能源发展过程中应对国内外挑战的迫切需求,作为低碳清洁能源的天然气在国家能源体系中的重要性日益凸显,而储气基础建设滞后、储备能力不足等问题成为制约中国天然气安全稳定供应和行业健康发展的短板。中国地下储气库建库条件差,多复杂断块,埋藏深,储层物性较差,非均质性强。复杂的地质条件一方面使得储库的建库难度大大提高,另一方面对其安全性形成重大隐患,对建库理论、技术及工程应用提出了更大挑战。结合中国储气需求和地质条件现状,回顾了中国地下储气库建设需求和地下储气技术发展现状,总结了气藏型储气库建设与运行技术、单井盐腔建设与运营稳定性评价技术、含水层建库技术等3方面的地下储气库关键技术上国内外存在的差距,最后指出需集中力量开展储气库建设关键技术科研攻关,快速发展地下储气库建设、运行、安全预警技术,以满足中国地下储气库建设的长期发展需求,保障中国天然气应急调峰与供气安全。

Low-carbon and clean energy is an urgent need for China to cope with the challenges at home and abroad in the process of energy development.Thus,natural gas as a low-carbon and clean energy is becoming more important in the national energy system.However,the problems of lagging gas storage infrastructure and insufficient reserve capacity have become the shortcomings that restrict the safe and stable supply of natural gas and the healthy development of the industry in China.The construction conditions of underground gas storage in China are poor,with many complex fault blocks,deep burial,poor reservoir physical properties and strong non-homogeneity.The complex geological conditions not only greatly improve the construction difficulty of underground gas storage in China,but also form a safety hazard for the gas storage,which poses a greater challenge to the theory,technology and engineering application of gas storage construction in China.Herein,the construction demand and the current technical status of underground gas storage in China were reviewed based on the current situation of gas storage demand and the geological conditions.Meanwhile,the gap between the domestic and foreign key technologies of underground gas storage was summarized from the following three aspects:the construction and operation technology of gas reservoir type gas storage,the stability evaluation technology of single well salt cavern construction and operation,and the construction technology of aquifer type gas storage.Finally,it was pointed out that it was necessary to focus on the scientific research on key technologies of gas storage construction,rapidly develop the underground gas storage construction,operation and safety early warning technology,so as to meet the long-term development needs of underground gas storage construction,and ensure the emergency peak regulation and gas supply safety of natural gas in China.