儿童IgA为主型感染相关性肾小球肾炎的研究进展

Research progress on IgA-dominant infection-related glomerulonephritis in children

IgA为主型感染相关性肾小球肾炎(IgA-dominant infection-related glomerulonephritis,IgA-IRGN)是一种独特形式的感染相关性肾小球肾炎,主要致病微生物为葡萄球菌,儿童少见,但免疫缺陷、皮肤黏膜屏障缺陷患儿该病患病率逐渐升高,预后不佳。临床表现为不同程度的血尿、蛋白尿、急性肾损伤和低补体血症,肾脏病理表现类似于感染后肾小球肾炎,鉴别诊断存在困难。该文综述IgA-IRGN的研究进展,提高儿科医师对儿童IgA-IRGN的认识,避免误诊。

IgA-dominant infection-related glomerulonephritis(IgA-IRGN)is a unique form of infection-associated glomerulonephritis.The main causative organism is staphylococcus.Although IgA-IRGN is rare in children,the prevalence is gradually increasing,and the prognosis is poor in children with immunodeficiency and mucocutaneous barrier dysfunction.The clinical manifestations are varying degrees of hematuria,proteinuria,acute kidney injury and hypocomplementemia.The renal pathology is similar to postinfectious glomerulonephritis,therefore differential diagnosis is challenging.The paper reviews the current research progress of IgA-IRGN to improve the pediatrician's understanding of IgA-IRGN in children and avoid misdiagnosis.