非常规饲料原料燕麦在饲料中的应用

Application of oat as a kind of unconventional feed ingredient in feed

燕麦的蛋白质与氨基酸含量较高,其营养成分与玉米接近,具有很高的饲用价值。但燕麦中含有抗营养因子,如β-葡聚糖、木聚糖、纤维素等非淀粉多糖以及黄曲霉素、呕吐毒素等真菌毒素,具有很强的抗营养作用。目前降低燕麦中抗营养因子的方法主要有添加酶制剂、益生菌或植物活性成分等。文章分析了燕麦的饲用价值,介绍了燕麦中的抗营养因子及其缓解措施,总结了国内外关于燕麦在畜禽饲料中的应用进展,为饲料中玉米、豆粕减量替代提供参考,对解决常规饲料原料短缺问题具有重要意义。

The protein and amino acids content of oat are higher,and its nutritional composition is close to that of corn,so it has high feeding value.But oats contain anti-nutritional factors,including non-starch polysaccharides such asβ-glucan,xylan and cellulose as well as fungal toxins such as aflatoxin and vomitoxin,which have strong anti-nutritional effects.Current methods of reducing anti-nutritional factors in oats include the addition of enzymes and the addition of probiotics or plant-active ingredients.The paper analyses the feeding value of oats,introduces the anti-nutritional factors in oats and their mitigation measures,and summarizes the progress of domestic and international applications of oats in feed for livestock,to provide a reference for the reduced substitution of corn and soybean meal in feed,which is great significant to solve the shortage of conventional feed ingredients.