深圳河水质变化趋势与污染治理对策分析

Analysis of the Water Quality Evolution Trend and Pollution Control Countermeasures of Shenzhen River

基于2018~2022年深圳河口断面的逐月水质监测数据,选取高锰酸盐、化学需氧量、五日生化需氧量、氨氮、总磷5个水质指标,采用单因子评价法和污染指数法分析了深圳河水质演变趋势及污染情况,并回顾总结了深圳河治理的有效措施,旨在为其他区域的流域治理提供参考。结果表明:深圳河近五年水质持续改善,由劣Ⅴ类水质提升为Ⅳ类水质,主要超标因子氨氮、总磷的浓度也显著下降,到2022年时,各月份已消除劣Ⅴ类水质。河口污染程度由重度污染转变为中度污染,且呈现出一定的洪季污染程度高、枯季污染程度低的季节变化规律。

Based on the monthly water quality monitoring data of Shenzhen Estuary section from 2018 to 2022,a total of five water quality indicators of CODMn,COD,BOD5,NH3-N and TP were selected to analyze the water quality evolution trend and pollution situation of Shenzhen River,by using single-factor evaluation method and pollution index method.The effective measures for Shenzhen River pollution control were also reviewed and the aim was to provide a reference for other regions'river basin treatment.The results show that the water quality of Shenzhen River continues to improve for five years,from the poor V-class water quality to theⅣ-class water quality,and the concentration of the main contaminants such as NH3-N and TP has also significantly decreased.By 2022,the poor V-class water quality was eliminated in all months.The contamination degree of the estuary has changed from heavy pollution to moderate pollution,and it has a certain seasonal variation rule in terms of the pollution degree that is high during flood season and low during dry season.