市场上几种常见海虾的脂肪酸分析

Fatty Acid Analysis of Several Common Sea Shrimp on the Market

本文利用气相色谱质谱联用仪对市场上常见的几种海虾:中国对虾(Penaeuschinensis)、南美白对虾(Penaeusvannamei Boone)和斑节对虾(Penaeus japonicas Bate)的肌肉和肝胰腺中所含脂肪及脂肪酸组分进行了分析,结果表明三种虾脂肪含量并不高,肝胰腺比肌肉的脂肪酸含量更高。其脂肪酸大部分为不饱和脂肪酸,多不饱和脂肪酸占比最高,尤其在虾尾肌肉中,其总量分别为45.41%、43.44%、44.68%,且主要是人体必需脂肪酸的亚油酸、EPA和DHA。肌肉和肝胰腺中含量最高的饱和脂肪酸均是棕榈酸,单不饱和脂肪酸均是油酸,多不饱和脂肪酸主要是亚油酸、EPA和DHA,其中EPA和DHA在虾尾肌肉中尤为丰富,其总量分别为:26.72%、25.81%、25.08%。可见它们是非常优质的健康食物来源,具有较高的开发利用价值。

In this paper,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to detect several common sea shrimps in the market:The fat and fatty acid components in muscle and hepatopancreas of Penaeuschinensis,Penaeusvannamei Boone and Penaeus japonicas Bate were analyzed.The results showed that the fat content of the three kinds of shrimp was not high.The hepatopancreas contain more fatty acids than muscle.Most of its fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acids,and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids is the highest,especially in the shrimp tail muscle,whose total amount is 45.41%,43.44%,44.68%,respectively,and mainly linoleic acid,EPA and DHA,which are essential fatty acids of human body.The highest content of saturated fatty acids in muscle and hepatopancreas were palmitic acid,monounsaturated fatty acids were oleic acid,and polyunsaturated fatty acids were mainly linoleic acid,EPA and DHA,among which EPA and DHA were especially abundant in shrimp tail muscle,and their total amounts were 26.72%,25.81%and 25.08%,respectively.It can be seen that they are very high-quality healthy food sources,with high development and utilization value.