有机肥和生物炭缓解芥菜六价铬生物毒性的效果研究

Alleviation of Cr6+Bio-toxicity to Mustard by Organic Fertilizer and Biochar

本文以芥菜为研究对象,从Cr生物累积量和关键性酶活性变化等角度,有机肥和生物炭缓解六价铬(Cr^(6+))生物毒性的效果和机理。结果表明:随着土壤施加Cr^(6+)浓度增加,芥菜的株高、根长和鲜重减少,叶绿素、可溶性糖类和蛋白质含量降低,而根系和叶片中过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性提高。有机肥可提升土壤速效氮含量,生物炭则可提高土壤速效钾含量。有机肥可增强土壤脲酶和土壤蔗糖酶活性,两者活性最多分别上升28.85%和26.06%。在有机肥和生物炭的处理下,芥菜体内黄酮和酚类化合物浓度降低,说明两种有机物料减轻了Cr^(6+)的氧化胁迫,提升了芥菜的抗氧化能力。

In this study,the effect and mechanism of organic fertilizer(OM)and biochar(BC)on dereasing the bio-toxicity of Cr^(6+) were investigated from the perspective of changes in Cr bioaccumulation and key enzyme activity.As the results shown,the increase in Cr^(6+) application in soil could decease the plant height,root length and fresh weight of mustard togather with the contents of chlorophyll,soluble sugars and proteins.Meanwhile,the activities of peroxidase and catalase in root and leaf increased.The addition of OM could result in an increase in soil available nitrogen content and an increase in soil available potassium content with the addition of BC.OM could enhance soil urease and sucrase activities by 28.85%and 26.06%,respectively.Under the treatment of OM and BC,the concentrations of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in mustard were reduced,indicating that the two organic materials alleviated the oxidative stress of Cr^(6+) and improved the antioxidant capacity of mustard.