发动机缸体铸造用冷芯盒及外模结构优化设计

Optimization Design of Cold Core Box and Outer Mold Structure for Engine Block Casting

目前,世界上很多厂家都采用了冷芯盒工艺来生产各种型号的铸造砂芯,并且在中国北方地区得到了广泛的推广和应用。但是,除了在几个权威的文献中有对冷芯盒模具的设计和制造的详细介绍之外,其他的研究还很少。这就造成了在铸型生产中,在没有特别要求的情况下,大部分的铸型厂家都是按照自己的设计习惯来进行。近年来,重卡发动机缸体的铸件技术和模具设计已经逐渐成熟,但是,许多常用的铸件结构设计却不能满足要求,甚至不合理,会对模具寿命、生产效率或者产品质量产生不良影响。文章对实际工作中出现的一些常见问题作了剖析,并给出了一些改进意见,以期为其提供一些参考。

Currently,many manufacturers around the world have adopted the cold core box process to produce various types of casting sand cores,and it has been widely promoted and applied in northern China.However,apart from a detailed introduction to the design and manufacturing of cold box molds in several authoritative literature,there is still little research on other aspects.This results in most mold manufacturers following their own design habits in mold production without special requirements.In recent years,the casting technology and mold design of heavy-duty truck engine cylinder blocks have gradually matured,but many commonly used casting structural designs cannot meet the requirements,and even are unreasonable.It will have a negative impact on the lifespan,production efficiency,or product quality of the mold.The author,based on his years of experience working in this field,analyzed some common problems that appeared in practical work and provided some improvement suggestions.He hopes to provide some reference for his peers.In the design process,he can avoid taking many detours,thereby achieving the goal of improving casting molds and processes.