影响肉牛大理石花纹形成的主要因素

The Main Regulatory Factors Affecting the Formation of Marbling in Beef Cattle

决定大理石花纹水平的肌内脂肪(IMF)含量是影响牛肉感官质量(包括嫩度、多汁性、风味和颜色)的重要因素之一。肉牛体内IMF的形成始于受孕后6个月左右,并在动物的一生中持续增长。大理石花纹的沉积受到品种、遗传、营养和管理(包括去势、断奶年龄)等多方面因素的影响。本文综述了肉牛大理石花纹沉积的主要影响因素,为品种选择以及在肉牛生长发育过程中有效调整饲料、优化营养、因地制宜改善管理提高牛肉品质提供有效依据。

The amount of intramuscular fat(IMF)that determines marbling levels is considered to be one of the important factors affecting the sensory quality of beef,including tenderness,juiciness,flavor,and color.The formation of IMF in cattle begins about 6 months after conception and continues to grow throughout the animal's lifetime.The accumulation of marbling is influenced by a variety of factors such as breeds,genetics,nutrition,and management(including castration,and weaning age).This paper reviews the main influencing factors of beef cattle marbling deposition,which provides an effective basis for breed selection,effective adjustment of feed,optimization of nutrition,improvement of management according to local conditions,and improvement of beef quality during the growth and development of beef cattle.