绿色贸易壁垒、技术进步与海关监管——基于世贸组织《技术性贸易壁垒协议》数据的经验研究

Green Trade Barrier,Technological Progress and Customs Control——Empirical Research Based on Data of WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade

随着环境问题的日渐突出,以保护人类、动植物健康安全与保护环境为目的的绿色贸易壁垒凭借其合理性与隐蔽性广受青睐。绿色贸易壁垒虽然会增加企业出口成本,但也会在一定程度上倒逼企业开展绿色技术革新,对产业发展带来新的挑战与机遇。本文从理论层面分析绿色贸易壁垒对我国技术进步的作用机理,依据世贸组织《技术性贸易壁垒协议》(WTO/TBT)通报管理数据库,利用面板数据模型进行实证分析。回归结果表明,绿色贸易壁垒对促进我国技术进步有着显著的正向效应。基于此,应围绕合理运用磋商机制、保障企业权益,推进智慧海关、共享技术信息,增强关企合作、降低出口成本等领域不断改革和完善海关监管职能。

With the increasingly prominent environmental issues,green trade barriers aimed at protecting the health and safety of humans,animals and plants as well as the environment are widely fa⁃vored due to their rationality and concealmentAlthough green trade barriers will increase the export costs of enterprises,they will also force enterprises and government departments to carry out green tech⁃nological innovation to a certain extent,bringing new challenges and opportunities to industrial develop⁃mentThis paper analyzes the mechanism of green trade barriers on China’s technological progress from a theoretical perspectiveBased on the notification management database of the WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade(WTO/TBT),empirical analysis is conducted using a panel data mod⁃elThe regression results show that green trade barriers have a significant positive effect on promoting China’s technological progressTherefore,it is necessary to continuously reform and improve customs control in areas such as rational use of consultation mechanisms,protection of enterprise rights and in⁃terests,promotion of smart customs,sharing of technical information,enhancement of customs enter⁃prise cooperation,and reduction of export costs.