南阳麦区小麦品种(系)条锈抗性及抗病基因分析

Analysis of Stripe Rust Resistance and Genes of Cultivars and Lines in Nanyang Wheat Area

南阳是小麦条锈病重要的冬繁与流行区,了解南阳麦区小麦品种(系)对条锈菌主流小种抗性表现及抗条锈病基因分布情况,为主产区小麦安全生产、品种布局及抗条锈病育种提供参考。利用流行小种混合菌种(条中32、条中33、条中34)及自然诱发发病,以南阳麦区22个主栽品种和146个高代品系为材料,在南阳进行自然诱发鉴定,在杨凌进行人工接种鉴定,使用Yr2、Yr10、Yr18、Yr32相关分子标记进行检测。结果表明,22个主栽品种在自然鉴定表现中抗及以上的有12个、中抗到中感有4个、中感及以上的有6个,接种鉴定表现中抗及以上的有14个、中感及以上的有8个,21个品种检测到含有Yr2,15个含有Yr10,0个含有Yr18,4个含有Yr32,11个检出含有Yr2+Yr10,1个检出含有Yr2+Yr32,3个检出含有Yr2+Yr10+Yr32。146个高代品系自然诱发鉴定表现中抗及以上的有126个、中感18个、高感2个,接种鉴定表现中抗及以上的有99个、中感20个、高感27个,141个检测到含有Yr2,87个含有Yr10,0个含有Yr18,35个含有Yr32,61个检出含有Yr2+Yr10,8个检出含有Yr2+Yr32,4个检出含有Yr10+Yr32,22个检出含有Yr2+Yr10+Yr32。南阳主栽品种西农979、郑麦9023、兰考198、百农207等对条锈病丧失抗性,郑麦7698、南阳996、西农501条锈抗性较好,聚合Yr2+Yr10+Yr32的西农511、矮抗58、西农509等品种推广利用价值较大,主栽品种与高代品系聚合Yr2+Yr10+Yr32和Yr32利用率均不高。立足南阳麦区新品种的选育、推广,要加强Yr32及条锈病多抗基因聚合品种(系)的利用。

Nanyang,as an important overwintering region,wheat stripe rust epidemic,the resistance expression and gene distribution of stripe rust resistance in wheat varieties(lines)of Nanyang wheat area were understood in order to provide valuable recommendations for safe production in main wheat region,cultivar distribution and stripe rust resistance breeding.22 major wheat varieties and 146 generation of high lines from Nanyang wheat area were taken as materials by using the mixed strains of popular races CYR32,CYR33 and CYR34 and natural occurrence.In addition,these materials were natural identification in Nanyang,artificial inoculation identification in Yangling,related molecular markers for detection of Yr2,Yr10,Yr18 and Yr32.The results showed that among among the 22 major wheat varieties,by natural identification,12 showed moderate resistance or above,4 showed moderate resistance to moderate susceptibility,and 6 showed moderate susceptibility or above.Besides,14 were moderately resistant or above,and 8 were moderate susceptibility or above by artificial inoculation identification.Resistance genes Yr2,Yr10,Yr18,Yr32 were postulated in 21,15,0 and 4 materials,respectively.Yr gene combinations Yr2+Yr10,Yr2+Yr32,Yr2+Yr10+Yr32,were also postulated in 11,1 and 3 materials,respectively.Among the 146 generation of high lines,126 showed moderate resistance or above,18 showed moderately susceptible and 2 showed susceptible.Moreover,99 were moderately resistant or above,20 showed moderately susceptible and 27 showed susceptible by artificial inoculation identification.Resistance genes Yr2,Yr10,Yr18,Yr32 were postulated in 141,87,0 and 35 materials,respectively.Yr gene combinations Yr2+Yr10,Yr2+Yr32,Yr10+Yr32,Yr2+Yr10+Yr32,were also postulated in 61,8,4 and 22 materials,respectively.The results showed that the major wheat cultivars like Xinong979,Zhengmai9023,Lankao198 and Bainong207 lost their resistance to stripe rust.Zhengmai7698,Nanyang996 and Xinong501 showed better rust resistance.Owning Yr2+Yr10+Yr32,Xinong511,Aikang58 and Xinong509 had great value in promotion and utilization.In total,the rate of Yr2+Yr10+Yr32,Yr32 was low in the major cultivars and the generation of high lines.Based on Nanyang wheat area,the utilization of Yr32 and stripe rust resistance gene polymerized varieties(lines)should be strengthened in promoting varieties,new variety selection and parental selection.