低收入家庭累积风险与青少年心理健康发展轨迹的关系:一项队列研究

Association between family cumulative risk and mental health trajectories among Chinese children from low-income family:A cohort of study

目的:探究家庭累积风险对低收入家庭青少年心理健康发展轨迹的影响。方法:采用家庭累积风险问卷、长处与困难问卷,对392名低收入家庭青少年(Mage=12.66±2.23)进行历时两年共4次的追踪评估,并采用卡方检验比较不同风险下低收入家庭青少年心理健康状况差异,运用逻辑回归的方法对青少年心理健康问题主要风险因素进行探讨。结果:青少年心理健康状况根据4次SDQ-D得分可以分为耐受组、新增组、持续组、反复组和缓解组5种不同的发展轨迹。耐受组与新增组被试在教养方式、家庭类型得分上存在显著差异。结论:教养方式、家庭类型是低收入家庭青少年心理健康问题新增的主要原因,非独生子女的心理健康水平更高。

Objective:To explore the influence of family cumulative risk on the mental health development trajectory of adolescents from low-income families.Methods:Using the Cumulative Family Risk Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,a total of 392 adolescents from low-income families(Mage=12.66±2.23)were followed up four times over a period of two years,and the differences in the mental health status of adolescents from low-income families under different risks were compared using chi-square tests.Results:According to the four SDQ-D scores,adolescents'mental health could be divided into five different development trajectories:Resistance group,delayed-dysfunction group,chronic-dysfunction group,relapsing/remitting group and recovery group.There were significant differences between the scores of parenting style and family type between the resistance group and the delayed-dysfunction group.Conclusion:Parenting style and family type are the main reasons for the addition of mental health problems among adolescents from low-income families,and the mental health level of non-only children is higher.