父母情感温暖对初中生亲社会冒险行为的纵向影响:公正世界信念的中介与性别的调节

Longitudinal effects of parental emotional warmth on adolescents'prosocial risk-taking behavior:Mediating effect of beliefs in a just world and moderating effect of gender

目的:探讨父母情感温暖对初中生亲社会冒险行为的纵向影响及其作用机制。方法:采用整群抽样的方式,选用父母情感温暖量表、亲社会冒险行为量表、公正世界信念量表对337名初中生进行间隔6个月的两次问卷调查。结果:①相关分析表明,T1父母情感温暖与T2亲社会冒险行为(r=0.25,P<0.01),T1父母情感温暖与T2公正世界信念(r=0.0.43,P<0.01),T2公正世界信念与T2亲社会冒险行为(r=0.29,P<0.01)显著正相关;②T2公正世界信念在T1父母情感温暖与T2亲社会冒险行为间起完全中介作用,中介效应值为0.07,95%CI为[0.04,0.11];③性别对T1父母情感温暖与T2亲社会冒险行为的关系具有显著的调节作用(β=0.14,P<0.05),性别对T2公正世界信念与T2亲社会冒险行为的关系中也具有显著的调节作用(β=-0.9,P<0.05)。结论:父母情感温暖通过公正世界信念间接影响初中生的亲社会冒险行为,公正世界信念对男生亲社会冒险行为的预测作用强于女生。并且随父母情感温暖的增加,女生的亲社会冒险行为随之增加,男生的亲社会冒险行为随之减少。

Objective:To explore the relationship between parental emotional warmth and prosocial risk-taking behavior of junior middle school students and the mediating role of belief in a just world.Methods:Using the cluster sampling method,a total of 337 junior high school students were surveyed twice at an interval of 6 months using the Parental Affective Warmth Scale,Prosocial Risk-taking Behavior Scale,and the Just World Belief Scale.Results:①Correlation analysis showed that T1 parental emotional warmth was positively correlated with T2 prosocial risk-taking behavior(r=0.25,P<0.01),T1 parental emotional warmth was positively correlated with T2 just world belief(r=0.0.43,P<0.01),and T2 just world belief was positively correlated with T2 prosocial risk-taking behavior(r=0.29,P<0.01).②T2 just world belief completely mediated the relationship between T1 parental emotional warmth and T2 prosocial risk-taking,with a mediating effect value of 0.07 and a 95%confidence interval of[0.04,0.11].③Gender moderated the relationship between parental emotional warmth and T2 prosocial risk-taking behavior(β=0.14,P<0.05),and gender moderated the relationship between T2 just world belief and T2 prosocial risk-taking behavior(β=-0.9,P<0.05).Conclusion:Parental emotional warmth indirectly affects the prosocial risk-taking behavior of junior high school students through just world belief.Just world belief has a stronger predictive effect on boys'prosocial risk-taking behavior than girls'.And with the increase of parental emotional warmth,girls'prosocial risk-taking increased,while boys'prosocial risk-taking decreased.