共同善权利观下个人信息权的证成

The proof of personal information rights under the concept of common good rights

我国已经初步建立起有关个人信息保护的法律规范体系,但个人信息权仍不是一项法律权利。个人信息兼具个人性与社会性,平衡个人与社会关系的共同善权利观可以作为个人信息权的证成理论。个人信息是个人意志自由的体现,蕴含公平与利益的权益要素,是一种共同善。实现个人信息之善需要满足实践合理性的要求,是在消极意义上规范个人信息主体的授权行为,在积极意义上明确个人信息使用满足合法、正当、必要原则。个人信息之善不仅提倡个人意义上的生活圆满,还关乎社会其他成员共同善的达致,实现社会在个人信息实践中的正义。对个人信息保护方式的选择上,可考虑私法保护和公法保护相结合的方式,保障个人信息权行使的社会秩序。

China has gradually established a legal system for the protection of personal information,but the right to personal information is still not a legal right.The concept of common good rights that balances the relationship between individuals and society can serve as a testament to the right to personal information,as personal information embodies both individuality and sociality.Personal information is a manifestation of personal freedom of will containing elements of fairness and interests and a common good.To achieve the goodness of personal information,it is necessary to meet the requirements of practical rationality.It is to regulate the authorization behavior of personal information subjects in a negative sense,and to clarify in a positive sense that the use of personal information meets the principles of legality,legitimacy,and necessity.The goodness of personal information not only promotes personal fulfillment of life,but also relates to the common good of other members of society,achieving justice in the practice of personal information in society.In the selection of personal information protection methods,a combination of private law protection and public law protection can be considered to ensure the social order of the exercise of personal information rights.