突发公共卫生事件下居民短距离出行意愿影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of residents’short-distance travel willingness under public health emergencies

为剖析突发公共卫生事件持续期居民短距离出行意愿的决策机理,在整合计划行为理论和保护动机理论的基础上新增交通政策和防疫政策,构建居民短距离出行意愿的结构方程模型。以2022年10月新冠肺炎疫情持续期间在重庆市主城区采集到的254份居民有效调查问卷为例,研究突发公共卫生事件持续期居民短距离出行意愿的影响因素。结果表明:居民短距离出行意愿模型的卡方自由度比(CMIN/DF)为2.097,RMSEA值为0.066,GFI、AGFI等其余指标均拟合良好,表明该模型与有效数据具有良好的适配性。突发公共卫生事件持续期间交通政策、防疫政策、短距离出行的感知行为控制和态度对居民短距离出行意愿产生直接显著的正向影响,总效应值分别为0.327、0.290、0.230、0.450;增强居民对短距离出行中交通政策和防疫政策的效果感知,同时,加强疫情防控工作的宣传力度以提升城市居民对短距离出行的主观信任度。

In order to analyze the decision-making mechanism of residents’short-distance travel willingness during the duration of public health emergencies,a structural equation model of residents’short-distance travel willingness was constructed by adding traffic policies and epidemic prevention policies on the basis of planned behavior theory and protection motivation theory.Based on 254 valid questionnaires collected from residents in the main urban area of Chongqing during the duration of the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic in October 2022,the influencing factors of residents’short-distance travel willingness during the duration of public health emergencies were studied.The results show that the residents’short-distance travel willingness model has good adaptability with valid data(CMIN/DF is 2.097<3.000,RMSEA is 0.066<0.080 and other indicators such as GFI and AGFI are well fitted).Traffic policy,epidemic prevention policy,perceived behavioral control and attitude of short-distance travel during the duration of public health emergencies have a direct and significant positive impact on residents’willingness to travel short distances,with the total effect values of 0.327,0.290,0.230 and 0.450 respectively.By enhancing residents’perception of the effects of traffic policies and epidemic prevention policies in short-distance travel while strengthening the publicity of epidemic prevention and control work,the subjective trust of urban residents in short-distance travel is enhanced.