民国时期慈善治理监督机制的历史经验与借鉴启示

The Historical Experience and Lessons Learned from Charity Governance Supervision Mechanisms in the Republic of China

民国时期中国慈善事业发展迅速,但也暴露出许多问题。为了加强慈善治理与监督机制建设,推动慈善事业发展,民国北洋政府对慈善组织立案进行了一定的探索。南京国民政府则开展了以慈善组织立案为重点,以整理慈善组织财产、发放慈善组织补助为内容的慈善治理机制建设。民国时期建立了包括政府监督、社会监督、慈善组织内部监督、慈善组织行业监督在内的慈善监督机制。慈善事业向历史取经,要重视慈善组织立案工作、推动《慈善法》修法、推进慈善组织信息公开、推动多方力量共同监督等,助力新时代中国特色社会主义慈善事业迈向新征程。

Charity work developed rapidly with a lot of problems during the Republic of China.In order to strengthen the charity governance and supervision mechanism,a series of measures were taken in Beijing and Nanjing to promote the development of charity work.The Beijing government of the Republic of China made an initial exploration on the filing of cases of charitable organizations;the Nanjing national government,on the other hand,carried out the charity governance mechanism focusing on the filing of cases,the organization of the property,and the granting of subsidies to charitable organizations.So,a charity supervision mechanism,including governmental and social supervision,internal supervision of charity organizations and supervision of the sector as well,was established in the Republican period.Learning from the past,charity work should focus on the work of filing cases of charitable organizations,to the amendment of charity laws,the information disclosure of charitable organizations,and the joint supervision of multiple forces,so as to make the socialist charity work with Chinese characteristics in the new era move forward to a new journey.