谈谈中国哲学的主干与中西哲学的汇通

The Backbone of Chinese Philosophy and the Confluence of Chinese and Western Philosophy

在中国社会,儒家在文化上的影响非常大,对社会深层渗透。儒家的伦理道德在中国传统社会的人际关系上影响深远,它主要跟我们的日常生活产生深层联系,注重人与人之间的人伦关系、人与人之间的往来。儒家是中国文化的主导,道家则在中国哲学史占据主干地位。道家并不是有些学者以为的那样消极和出世,道家同样是脚踏在大地上,望眼于天空,春夏秋冬,生活在大自然的规律里。儒道汇通,既能表现我们的理性思维,也贯穿了整个中国文化给我们的家国情怀、社会关怀、生命感。中西哲学也可以做到汇通,如尼采从古希腊神话提炼出的“酒神精神”可以与庄子的“任其性命之情”联系起来,尼采所提出的“超人”与庄子所提出的“大宗师”也可以做到汇通。

Confucianism has great influence on Chinese culture and deeply penetrates into the society.Confucian ethics has a profound impact on interpersonal relationships in traditional Chinese society,as it is closely related to our daily life and focuses on human relationships and interactions.Confucianism is the dominant force in Chinese culture,and Taoism serves as the backbone of Chinese philosophy.Taoism is not as passive or otherworldly as some scholars may have claimed,and it is actually in accordance with the laws of nature along the four seasons.The integration of Confucianism and Taoism not only embody our rational thinking but also encompasses our feelings of family and country,social concerns,and senses of life that characterize Chinese culture as a whole.Likewise,there can be connection and comparison between Chinese and Western philosophy.For instance,Nietzsche’s concept of Dionysian deriving from ancient Greek mythology can be compared with Chuang Tzu’s notion of“following the virtue of nature and do not use external code of ethics to restrict human nature,”and the concept of“overman”or“trans⁃human”proposed by Nietzsche can be compared with the notion of“Great Master”proposed by Chuang Tzu.