试论中西戏剧中的异国形象研究历史和方法论

The History and Methodology of the Study of Foreign Images in Chinese and Western Drama

中西戏剧中的异国形象研究属于广义的比较文学形象学的一个分支。与比较文学形象学从客观现实转向主观幻象的学科史相一致,中西戏剧中的异国形象研究重心,不是探究异国形象与世界的外在关联的客观性或真实与否,而是说明创作主体如何建构异国形象的主观性或想象性质。其揭示异国形象作为主观幻象的艺术想象性质,明确以创作主体的艺术想象为重心的研究思路,以及对于异国形象内在生成机制和外在呈现形态的理论说明,不仅触及中西戏剧中的异国形象研究的核心问题,而且对于中国当代国家形象塑造和对外传播同样具有重要的理论参考和现实指导作用。

The study of foreign images in Chinese and Western drama is a branch of the comparative literature imagology.'Consistent with the attentional shift of the comparative literature imagology from objective reality to subjective illusions,the focus of the study of foreign images in Chinese and Western drama lies not on the authenticity of the objective relationship between foreign images and reality,but on the subjective or imaginative nature of the creator's construction of foreign images.This reveals the imaginative nature of foreign images as subjective illusions,proposes the research methodology emphasizing the creator's imagination,and illustrates the mechanism of generation and presentation of foreign images,which not only touches on the core of the study of foreign images in Chinese and Western drama,but also provides theoretical support and practical guidance for China's construction of national image and creation of communication strategies.