抒情与伦理的限度——论王国维的拜伦形象建构及其诗学价值

The Limits of Lyricism and Ethics:On Wang Guowei's Construction of Byron's Image and Its Poetic Value

英国浪漫主义诗人拜伦因其热烈的情感与反叛精神,在清末民初到五四时期的中国产生了很大影响。不同于梁启超、鲁迅等人对拜伦的赞美,王国维解构了作为英雄豪杰的拜伦形象,并对他持有审慎的态度。王国维的拜伦观既源于对叔本华思想的接受,也与他自身的诗学体系与文化选择息息相关。王国维认为人的情感应受道德伦理的约束,抒情文学应当表现属于全人类所共有之感情;文学层面的天才必须与道德修养相结合,好的文学作品应当同时具备审美价值与伦理价值。从抒情与伦理的角度重新审视王国维对拜伦的译介,可以发现其形象建构背后的诗学价值。

The British romantic poet Byron had a great influence in China from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China to the May 4th Movement because of his intense emotion and rebellious spirit.Different from Liang Qichao and Lu Xun's praise of Byron,Wang Guowei deconstructed the image of Byron as a hero and held a cautious attitude towards him.Wang Guowei's view of Byron originates not only from his acceptance of Schopenhauer's thought,but also from his own poetic system and cultural choice.He believed that human emotion should be restricted by morality and ethics,and lyric literature should express feelings shared by all mankind;Genius at the literary level must be combined with moral cultivation,and good literary works should have both aesthetic and ethical values.Rethinking Wang Guowei's translation of Byron from the perspectives of lyricism and ethics can reveal the poetic value behind its image construction.