基于混合补能方式的开放式时变电动车配送路径规划

Open Time-Dependent Electric Vehicle Routing Problem Based on Mixed Energy Replenishment Mode

针对城市路网环境下基于混合补能方式的开放式时变电动车配送路径规划问题,首先分析城市路网交通状况的时变特性,设计基于时变速度的电动车行驶时间与电量消耗计算方法.在此基础上,综合考虑客户坐标、需求量、时间窗、服务时间、充电站坐标、换电站坐标、电动车容量、电池容量、时变车速与开放式路径等因素,以总配送成本最小为目标构建开放式时变电动车配送-充电/换电路径规划模型.根据模型特性设计一种改进蚁群算法求解,采用多类型算例开展实验.实验结果表明:文章算法能在比较短的时间内给出符合决策目标的电动车配送-充电/换电路径规划方案,提升配送效率,具有可行性、合理性与有效性.

An open time-dependent electric vehicle routing problem based on mixed energy replenishment mode under urban road network is considered in this paper.The time-dependent characteristics of trafic condition in urban road network are analyzed.A calculation method of electric vehicle travel time and energy consumption based on time-dependent speed is designed.On this basis,a mathematical model of open time-dependent electric vehicle routing problem with recharging and battery swapping is formulated by considering factors such as customer coordinates,demands,time windows,service times,recharging station coordinates,swap station coordinates,electric vehicle capacity,battery capacity,time-dependent speed,and open routes.The goal of the model is to minimize the total distribution cost.According to the characteristics of the model,an improved ant colony algorithm(IACA)is designed to solve the problem,and the experiments are carried out with multiple types of instances.The experimental results show that the proposed approaches can provide a planning scheme for electric vehicle routing problem with recharging and battery swapping,which meets the decision-making objective in a short period of time.IACA can improve distribution efficiency.It is feasible,reasonable,and effective.