合成氨行业CO_(2)与大气污染物排放清单及减污降碳潜力研究:以河南省为例

Research on CO_(2)and Air Pollutant Emission Inventory and Potential for Pollution Reduction and Carbon Reduction in Synthetic Ammonia Industry:Taking Henan Province as an Example

合成氨行业产生了大量的CO_(2)和大气污染物,是我国实现减污降碳的关键行业之一.河南省合成氨生产量较大,也是全国大气污染最严重的地区之一.本研究以河南省为例,基于企业调研数据构建了合成氨行业CO_(2)与大气污染物排放清单,并采用LEAP(The Low Emissions Analysis Platform)模型结合节能供给曲线,评估了不同情景下CO_(2)和大气污染物减排潜力.结果表明:①2017年河南省合成氨行业CO_(2)排放总量为39095.08×10^(3)t,PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)和NO_(x)排放量分别为2.66×10^(3)、3.74×10^(3)、20.48×10^(3)和31.05×10^(3)t.2020年河南省合成氨行业CO_(2)和大气污染物排放量比2017年下降了21%左右.②从空间分布来看,CO_(2)和大气污染物排放主要集中在开封市和新乡市.③在同时考虑能源结构优化、采用先进节能降碳技术、提高大气污染污染物末端去除效率的综合减排情景下,2030年河南省合成氨行业CO_(2)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_(2)和NO_(x)的减排潜力分别为26453.75×10^(3)、1.74×10^(3)、2.37×10^(3)、11.79×10^(3)和18.34×10^(3)t,显著高于其他情景.综合减排情景下,CO_(2)与大气污染物减排协同性优于其他情景.研究显示,通过加大对GC型低压氨合成工艺等技术的应用,河南省合成氨行业到2030年CO_(2)减排量达到17023.32×10^(3)t,通过提升末端治理水平,到2030年大气污染物减排比例最高达60.53%.

The synthetic ammonia industry produces a large amount of CO_(2)and atmospheric pollutants.Therefore,it has become one of the key industries for China to reduce air pollution and carbon emissions.Henan Province has intensive production in synthetic ammonia and it is also one of the regions with the most serious air pollution throughout the whole country.In this study,a homologous emission list of CO_(2)and air pollutants in the synthetic ammonia industry of Henan Province was constructed based on data collected from local enterprises,and the LEAP(The Low Emissions Analysis Platform)model was combined with Energy Conservation Supply Curve model to evaluate the multi-scenario emission reduction potential of CO_(2)and air pollutants.The results show that:(1)In 2017,the total CO_(2)emissions of the synthetic ammonia industry in Henan Province were 39,095.08×10^(3)t,and the emissions of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2)and NO_(x)were 2.66×10^(3),3.74×10^(3),20.48×10^(3)and 31.05×10^(3)t,respectively.In 2020,the emissions of CO_(2)and air pollutant from the synthetic ammonia industry in Henan Province decreased by about 21%compared to 2017.(2)From the perspective of spatial distribution,CO_(2)and air pollutant emissions were mainly concentrated in Kaifeng City and Xinxiang City.(3)Under the comprehensive emission reduction scenario that takes into account of the optimization of energy structure,adoption of advanced energy-saving and carbon-reduction technologies,and the improvement of the removal efficiency,the emission reduction potential of CO_(2),PM_(2.5),PM_(10),SO_(2)and NO_(x)in Henan Province by 2030 is found to be 26,453.75×10^(3),1.74×10^(3),2.37×10^(3),11.79×10^(3)and 18.34×10^(3)t,respectively,which are significantly higher than other scenarios.Under the comprehensive emission reduction scenario,the synergistic effect of CO_(2)and air pollutant reduction is better than other scenarios.Research shows that by promoting the application of GC-type low-pressure ammonia synthesis process and other technologies,CO_(2)emission from the synthetic ammonia industry in Henan Province can be reduced by 17,023.32×10^(3)t in 2030,and by improving the efficiency of end-of-pipe treatment,air pollutant emissions can be reduced by 55.91%-60.53%.