环鄱阳湖区传统村落时空分布特征及演变研究

The Study on the Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Evolution of Traditional Villages Around Poyang Lake Region

该文以环鄱阳湖区88个国家级和省级传统村落为研究对象,综合运用GIS空间分析和统计学等技术方法构建GIS数据库,对传统村落的时空分布、演变特征及其影响机制和规律进行分析.研究结果发现:1)环鄱阳湖区传统村落空间分布呈“边缘密集,腹地稀疏,多核心连片分布”的分布特征,形成了“一高两次”3大集聚区和多个过渡扩散区的格局,在各历史时期内呈聚集分布,多分布于低海拔缓阳坡丘陵地区;2)环鄱阳湖区各历史时期新增传统村落呈增长趋势,宋代增速最高,明清时期增速开始回落,并伴有显著的圈层扩展和点—轴扩展趋势;3)影响环鄱阳湖区传统村落时空分布特征及演变的因素包括自然环境因素和社会经济因素,其中山水环境是在自然环境因素中的主导要素,因各类时代因素而导致的人口迁徙则是在社会经济因素中的主导要素.

Taking 88 national and provincial traditional villages around Poyang Lake area as the research object,based on combing and statistics of their geographical attributes,the causes of villages and the formation of villages and dynasties and other basic data,GIS database is constructed by comprehensively using GIS spatial analysis and statistical analysis and other technical methods to study the spatial-temporal distribution,evolution characteristics,influence mechanism and law of traditional villages around Poyang Lake area.It is found that the spatial distribution of traditional villages around Poyang Lake is characterized by “dense edges,sparse hinterland,and multi-core contiguous distribution”,forming a pattern of “one high,two times” three agglomeration areas and multiple transitional diffusion areas,which are clustered in various historical periods,and mostly distributed in low-altitude gentle sunny slope hilly areas.The new traditional villages around Poyang Lake in various historical periods show an increasing trend,with the highest growth rate in the Song Dynasty,and the growth rate begins to fall in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,accompanied by a significant trend of circle expansion and point axis expansion.The factors that affect the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and evolution of traditional villages around Poyang Lake include natural environmental factors and socio-economic factors.Among them,the landscape environment is the dominant factor of natural environmental factors,and the population migration caused by various era factors is the dominant factor of cultural and social factors.