含氮桥头类含能稠环的合成和性能研究

Synthesis and Properties of N-bridgehead Energetic Fused Heterocycles

稠环含能化合物由2个或2个以上的共用原子和1个化学键的环构成,具有较大π-π共轭结构,是一类热门的新型含能材料。含能稠环独特的多环共面结构和较大共轭体系,表现出良好的安定性,同时多个含氮杂环组成的共面结构还使得其具有较高的生成热、较大的环张力和优异的能量水平,能够在高性能和分子稳定性之间取得平衡。含氮桥头类稠环骨架以C—N键为共用键连接多个氮杂环,此类稠环大多具有良好的密度、稳定性和多个可修饰位点,是含能稠环领域中的一类新型含能骨架。本研究简要介绍了近年来报道的氮桥头型含能稠环化合物的合成、爆轰性能和稳定性研究,为该类化合物后续的研究和发展提供一定的参考。

Fused-ring energetic compounds,composed of two or more rings sharing two atoms and one chemical bond,have sizeableπ-πconjugate structures and are a kind of popular new energetic materials.The polycyclic coplanar structure of energet-ic fused rings shows good molecular stability.Furthermore,the coplanar structure is featured with high heat of formation,signifi-cant ring tension,and high energetic performance.It can achieve a balance between high performance and molecular stability.With a C—N bond as the common building block,these nitrogen heterocycles have good density,stability,and numerous modi-fiable sites,which have become a new class of backbones in the field of energetic fused heterocycles.In this paper,the authors review the recent advance of synthesis,detonation properties,stability,and outlook of C—N type fused-ring energetic materi-als,which will be useful for the energetic community in future studies.