乐府诗《公无渡河》在唐代的继承与发展

The Inheritance and Development of Yuefu Poem Gongwuduhe in Tang Dynasty

乐府古题《公无渡河》不断被人在其原诗基础上发挥创作,唐代诗人更是用他们独特的诗歌创作视角将一首抒情诗发展为政治隐喻诗,以“渡河”来比喻经历政治生涯、遭受政治风波。通过分析《乐府诗集》中唐代诗人的作品,从内容与声律两个角度来探究由汉至唐的发展情况,总结出演进规律有:内容主题的拓展——从辞咏本题到离题再造;创作系统的转换——从入乐歌辞到文人徒诗;艺术风格的变迁——从直抒胸臆到委婉含蓄。

The ancient title of the Yuefu Poems,“Gongwuduhe”,has been continually used to build on the original poem,and poets of the Tang Dynasty used their unique poetic perspective to develop a lyric poem into a political metaphor.The poem“Crossing the River”was used as a metaphor for a political career and political turmoil.The works of the Tang poets in the Yuefu Shiji were analyzed in this essay,which focused on the development of the poem from Han to Tang Dynasty in terms of both content and meter.The evolutionary pattern was summarized as follows:The expansion of the subject matter,from rhetorical chanting to off-topic re-creation;The transformation of the compositional system,from rhetoric to literati poetry;The change of artistic style,from straightforward expression of the emotions to a more expressive style,from direct expression of the heart to euphemism and subtlety.