国外传统竹建筑主要形式与应用

Forms and Applications of Overseas Traditional Bamboo Architecture

竹材具有生长快速、可再生、强重比高的优势,是热带及亚热带国家及地区重要的传统建筑材料。竹建筑有着悠久的历史和丰富多样的形式,不仅满足人们的居住、生产、娱乐等多种需求,而且体现了人们对自然和社会的认知和尊重。文章分析了国外主要竹产区亚洲、美洲和非洲地区传统竹建筑的主要形式,总结了竹建筑构件的连接方式、防腐处理等基本建造技术特征,以及竹建筑与当地文化的适应性,为从传统、人文角度挖掘竹材作为绿色建筑材料的潜在价值、发展现代建筑提供新思路。

Bamboo is an important traditional material for building in tropical and subtropical countries/regions owing to its advantages of rapid growth,easy regeneration and high strength⁃to⁃weight ratio.Bamboo architecture has a long history and various forms,which not only meets people's needs for living,production and amusement,but also reflects people's cognition and respect for nature and society.This paper analyzes the main forms of traditional bamboo architecture in the bamboo producing countries in Asia,America and Africa,and summarizes the characteristics of basic construction techniques such as the connection mode and anti⁃corrosion treatment of bamboo building components,as well as the adaptability of bamboo architecture to local culture.It provides new ideas for tapping the potential value of bamboo as a green building material from the traditional and humanistic perspectives for developing modern architecture.