村镇建设资源环境承载力评价:框架、指标与方法

Evaluation of Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity for Rural and Township Development:Framework,Indicators and Methods

科学评价村镇建设资源环境承载力,是合理配置乡村生产、生活和生态三大功能空间,促进村镇建设与资源环境协调发展的基础和前提。然而,在村镇建设资源环境承载力评价研究方面,缺少具有系统性和逻辑自洽性的分析框架与指标体系,这限制了开展有地域差异性、历史多变性和系统复杂性的村镇建设资源环境承载力评估和监测工作的开展。在落实乡村振兴战略和实施国土空间规划过程中,亟需构建面向村镇建设需求的资源环境承载力评价指标体系。为此,在总结村镇建设与资源环境承载力研究成果基础上,阐释村镇建设与资源环境承载力关键概念及其协调关系,构建村镇建设资源环境承载力评价技术框架,在遵循指标体系构建原则和指标筛选方法基础上,建立面向宏观尺度村镇建设资源环境本底评价和微观尺度不同主导功能类型村镇建设资源环境承载力测算及其协调性评价的科学化、系统化和规范化的指标体系,并提出关键指标算法和主要参数选择依据。研究结果有望为中国村镇地域资源环境承载力评估与管理提供理论和方法依据,为在国土空间上分区分类推进村镇建设与资源环境协调发展提供科学依据和技术支撑。

Scientific evaluation of the resource and environment carrying capacity for rural and township development is the basis and premise for rationally allocating the three functional spaces of"production-living-ecology",and promoting the rural and township coordinated development with resource and environmental protection.However,in terms of research on the assessment of resource and environment carrying capacity of rural and township development,due to the lack of sys-tematic and logical self-consistent analysis framework and indicator system,the assessment and monitoring of resource and environment carrying capacity of rural and township development with regional differences,historical variability and system complexity are limited.In the process of implementing the strategy of rural revitalization and the land space planning,it is urgent to build an evaluation index system of resource and environment carrying capacity for the needs of rural and town-ship development.Therefore,on the basis of summarizing the research results of rural and township development and re-source and environment carrying capacity,the key concepts and the coordination relationship between rural and township development and resource and environment carrying capacity are explained,and the technical framework for evaluating re-source and environment carrying capacity of rural and township development has been constructed.In addition,under the guidance of the principles of indicator system construction and indicator screening methods,a scientific,systematic and standardized indicator system was established for the background evaluation of resource and environment carrying capacity for rural and township development at macro scale,and for the calculation and coordination evaluation of the carrying ca-pacity of resource and environment for rural and township development with different dominant function types at micro scale.The key indicator algorithms and the basis for the selection of main parameters are proposed.The research results are expected to provide theoretical and methodological basis for the assessment and management of regional resource and envi-ronment carrying capacity for rural and township development in China,and to provide scientific basis and technical sup-port for promoting the coordinated rural and township development and resource and environment carrying capacity develop-ment in terms of territorial space division and classification.