资源禀赋、家乡认同与农户村域环境治理参与方式选择

Resource Endowment,Hometown Identity and Farmers′Choice of Participation Methods in Village Environmen⁃tal Governance

明晰农村居民环境治理参与方式的选择偏好,对进一步提高农户环境治理参与率,加快生态宜居和美丽乡村建设具有重要意义。基于湖北省1168份微观调研数据,采用双变量Probit模型实证方法分析资源禀赋、家乡认同与农户村域环境治理参与方式选择之间的内在作用关系。结果表明:(1)农户村域环境治理参与方式选择存在差异,1070%的农户倾向于仅出钱参与村域环境治理,3836%的农户倾向于仅出力参与,1952%的农户倾向于既出钱又出力参与。(2)受教育水平、务工收入占比越高的农户越偏好于出钱参与村域环境治理;家庭总收入、务工收入占比越低,社会网络越宽泛的农户越偏好于出力参与;家庭总收入、社会信任和社会声望水平越高的农户,越偏好于又出钱又出力的方式参与。(3)家乡认同在家庭总收入影响农户“是否愿意出钱”和劳动力数量影响农户“是否愿意出力”参与村域环境治理过程中存在正向调节作用,即家乡认同在一定程度上能够推动有能力出钱或出力参与却未参与村域环境治理的农户群体参与。对此,从提高农户家庭资源禀赋水平、培育和加强农户家乡认同感、加快农村经济发展以及制定群体差异化治理策略等方面提出推动农户参与环境治理的政策建议。

It is important to clarify the preferences of rural residents in their choice of environmental management meth-ods,because it can further increase the participation rate of farmer households in environmental management and to accel-erate the construction of ecologically pleasant and beautiful villages.Based on 1168 microscopic survey data in Hubei Province,a bivariate probit model was used to empirically analyse the intrinsic role of the relationship between resource endowment,hometown identity and farmers′choice of participation methods in village environmental governance.The re-sults show that there were differences in farmers′preferences for participation in village environmental governance,with 1070%of the farmers preferring to participate with money,3836%preferring to participate with contributing efforts,and 1952%preferring to participate with both money and contributing efforts.The higher the level of education and income from work,the more the farmers prefer to participate with money;the lower the proportion of total household income and in-come from work,and the wider the social network,the more the farmers prefer to participate with contributing efforts;the higher the level of total household income,social trust and social prestige,the more the farmers prefer to participate with both money and contributing efforts.There is a positive moderating effect of hometown identity in the process of total house-hold income influencing farmers′"willingness to pay"and labour force influencing farmers′"willingness to contribute effort"to participate in village environmental management,and hometown identity can promote the participation of the groups of farmers who have the ability to contribute money or efforts to participate but have not yet done so in village environmental governance.Accordingly,policy recommendations are proposed to promote farmers′participation in environmental governance.These include improving their household resource endowment,cultivating and strengthening their sense of home-town identity,accelerating rural economic development and developing group differentiated governance strategies.