乡村生态保护何以“开新局”:N省H县社会组织促成农业社区环境治理结构再生产的案例研究

Redefining Rural Ecological Conservation: A Case Study onthe Reproduction of Agricultural Community EnvironmentalGovernance Structure Facilitated by A Social Organizationin H County of N Province

农业社区环境治理面临的“规则”与“资源”双重结构困境,严重阻碍了农民利益与政府环境治理目标“激励相容”的实现,亟须通过打破原有模式、探索全新路径予以解决。在此背景下,社会组织作为重要的治理主体登上舞台,在探索构建人与自然和谐共生的环境治理新路径中发挥了重要作用。本文依托N省H县社会组织深度参与农业社区环境治理项目的全新实践,对其行为逻辑和路径策略开展了理论建构。研究结果表明:(1)促成结构再生产是社会组织实现农业社区环境治理结构变革的基本逻辑;(2)社会组织实现结构再生产的过程本质上是通过开展合规化、共识化、本土化行动打破规则制约、优化资源配置;(3)丰富的组织运营经验、创新的领域发展理念和先进的专业科学技术有利于社会组织推动结构再生产,其中软技术有助于优化规则,而硬技术有助于配置资源。本文的研究结论能够为新时期构建多元参与的生态环境治理模式和帮助社会组织在其中发挥积极作用提供有益参考。

The dual structural dilemma of rules and resources facing agricultural community environmental governance seriously impedes the realization of the compatibility between farmers’interests and government environmental governance goals.It is urgent to break the existing model and explore new paths to solve this problem.In this background,NGOs have played an important role as a governance entity in exploring new paths for environmental governance that promote harmony between humans and nature.This article relies on the in-depth participation of an NGO in H County,N Province,in a new practice of agricultural community environmental governance projects,and develops theoretical constructs on their behavioral logic and path strategy.The research results show that:(1)promoting structural reproduction is the basic logic for NGOs to achieve structural transformation of agricultural community environmental governance;(2)the process of NGOs achieving structural reproduction is essentially to break the constraints of rules by carrying out actions of compliance,consensus building,and localization,and to optimize resource allocation;(3)rich organizational operating experience,innovative field development concepts,and advanced professional scientific and technological expertise are conducive to NGOs promoting structural reproduction,while soft technology can help optimize rules,and hard technology can help allocate resources.The conclusions can provide useful reference for the construction of a diversified ecological environmental governance model in the new era and for helping NGOs play a positive role in it.