乡村振兴战略背景下乡土人才回流的困境与出路

The Dilemma of Rural Talents Returning and Its Solution under the Background of Rural Revitalization

乡村人才振兴是乡村振兴的核心议题,吸引乡土人才回流是实现乡村人才振兴的关键路径。已有研究主要聚焦乡土人才与乡村人才振兴的内在关系,关注乡土人才回流的重要性,忽略了乡土人才回流的困境和可行性策略。依循勒温场动力理论的内在逻辑,对汨罗市长乐镇的引才案例进行考察,研究得出:乡土人才回流动力不足的内在机理为“双场”交互过程中产生失衡,由此触发了乡土人才回流安全感缺失、认同感弱化、归宿感淡化、成就感不足等问题。建议通过推动乡村产业转型、重塑乡村文化体系、强化乡村公共精神、调整激励机制结构调动乡土人才回流的主动性。

Rural talents revitalization is one of the core issues of rural revitalization,and attracting rural talents is the key to realizing the revitalization of rural talents.The existing studies mainly focus on the internal relationship between local talents and the revitalization of rural talents,and the importance of the return of local talents,and relatively ignore the dilemma and feasibility strategies of the return of local talents.Following the internal logic of Lewin’s dynamic field theory,case studies on Miluo City and Changle Town have been done.The research shows that the lack of driving force of local talent returning is mainly due to the imbalance in the“double field”interaction process,which leads to the lack in sense of security,sense of identity,sense of belonging,and sense of achievement.It is suggested to promote the transformation of rural industry,reshape the rural cultural system,strengthen the rural public spirit,and adjust the structure of the incentive mechanism,so as to encourage the talents’initiative to return.