骨传导助听器对小耳畸形及单侧耳聋的听力干预效果评估

Evaluation of Hearing Intervention Effect of Bone Conduction Hearing Aid on Microtia and Unilateral Hearing Loss

目的评估先天性小耳畸形及单侧蜗神经发育不良致单侧耳聋患者采用骨导助听器干预的效果。方法收集9名2022年9月~2023年6月在我院接受骨导助听器验配患儿的14耳资料,其中6名患儿为先天性小耳畸形,3名为单侧蜗神经发育不良致感音神经性耳聋。验配助听器前后分别进行声场纯音测听、言语空间听觉质量量表-父母版(speech,spatial,and other qualities of hearing scale for parents,SSQ-P)问卷评估。使用STATSTM 2.0统计软件分析患儿验配前后的听阈和父母问卷得分差异。结果两组患儿在验配骨导助听器前后的听阈均呈显著差异,小耳畸形组(P<0.05),单侧耳聋组(P=0.005)。两组间验配后听阈无显著差异(P=0.47)。SSQ-P父母问卷得分在短期验配后均有改善。单侧耳聋组验配后的空间听觉能力问卷得分改善弱于小耳畸形组。结论先天性小耳畸形及单侧蜗神经发育不良致单侧耳聋患儿均能从骨导助听器验配中获益,其中单侧耳聋患儿的获益低于小耳畸形患儿。

Objective The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of bone conduction hearing aids intervention for congenital microtia and unilateral deafness caused by cochlear nerve deficiency.Methods 14 ear data from 9 children who got bone conduction hearing aids in our hospital from September 2022 to June 2023 were collected.Six of the cases were congenital microtia malformations and three were sensorineural deafness caused by unilateral cochlear nerve deficiency.Pure tone audiometry and Speech,Spatial,and Other Qualities of Hearing Scale-Parent Version(SSQ-P)questionnaire were conducted before and after wearing bone conduction hearing aids.Differences in hearing threshold and parent questionnaire scores before and after wearing bone conduction hearing aids were analyzed with STATSTM 2.0 statistical software.Results The results revealed a significant improvement in hearing thresholds for both the microtia and unilateral deafness groups after wearing bone conduction hearing aids.The improvement was highly significant for the microtia group(P<0.05)and significant for the unilateral deafness group(P=0.005).However, there was no significant difference in hearing thresholds between the two groups after wearing the aids (P=0.47). Furthermore, the SSQ-P parent questionnaire scores showed an improvement after wearing bone conduction hearing aids. The enhancement in the scores was higher for the microtia group compared to the unilateral deafness group, indicating a better response to the intervention for those with microtia. Conclusion Both Congenital microtia and unilateral deafness caused by unilateral cochlear nerve deficiency can benefit from bone conduction hearing aids, and the benefit of unilateral deafness patients is lower than that of microtia patients.