梅县话谚语中的派生词探究

Investigation of Derived Words in Meixian Dialect Proverbs

梅县话是客家方言的代表,其构词方式在客家方言中有一定的代表性,尤其是派生词的使用,反映了客家方言显著的地域性构词特点。该文以梅县话谚语中使用的派生词为研究对象。首先,对派生词进行界定。其次,分析派生词的构成。梅县话词缀系统较为完整,包括前缀、中缀和后缀,因此总结出派生词的3种类型:前加式、嵌入式和后加式。最后,揭示梅县话中派生词在语言结构上显著的地域特点。梅县话的谚语是梅县民俗文化的载体,其词汇的使用极具地区特色,值得深入的探索和研究。

Meixian dialect is representative of Hakka dialects,and its word formation has certain representativeness in Hakka dialects,especially in the use of derived words,reflecting the remarkable regional word formation characteristics of Hakka dialects.This article focuses on the derived words used in Meixian dialect proverbs.Firstly,the derivation of words is defined.Then,the construction of derived words is analyzed.Meixian dialect has a relatively complete system of prefixes,infixes,and suffixes,so three types of derived words are summarized:prefix-based,infix-based,and suffix-based.Finally,the significant regional characteristics of derived words in Meixian dialect are revealed.The proverbs in Meixian dialect are carriers of Meixian folk culture,and the vocabulary used in them has strong regional features,which is worthy of our in-depth exploration and research.