中国特色文化负载词汉德翻译分析——以党的二十大报告德译本为例

Analysis of Chinese Cultural-Loaded Terms in German Translation-The German Version of the Report to the 20th National Congress of CPC as an Example

党的二十大报告的外译本是颇具代表性的政府外宣文本,其译文质量直接影响我国在境外的形象建构。党的二十大报告中的中国特色词汇不仅具有文学价值和美学价值,更体现出鲜明的政治立场和政治敏锐性。该文聚焦报告中3类中国特色文化负载词,即四字格词语、俗语谚语及中国特色政治文化词,借助目的论、外宣“三贴近”和语言自信等研究视角分析报告德译文中的典型案例,鉴赏佳译、提出建议,并总结外宣翻译策略。经分析,党的二十大报告中的中国特色文化负载词的德译文在忠实原文的基础上积极变通,在信息不受损的情况下因地制宜地选择合适的翻译策略来保留原文在形式、结构和文化方面的特点,方便目标群体理解,译文符合目的、连贯与忠实原则,多为佳译。

The foreign translation of the report to the 20th National Congress of CPC is a representative government publicity text,and the quality of its translation directly affects the China's global image.The Chinese cultural-loaded terms in the report not only have literary and aesthetic values,but also reflect a distinct political stance and political sensitivity.This paper focuses on three categories of Chinese cultural-loaded terms in the report:four-character idioms,proverbs and sayings,as well as Chinese political-cultural terms.Under the guidance of Skopos theory,the"three closeness"principle and"confidence in the language",the paper analyzes typical cases in the German translation of the report,appreciates well-translated examples,provides suggestions,ultimately summarizes the translation strategies for Chinese government publicity texts.After analysis,the German translations of the Chinese cultural loaded words in the report have-without compromising the information-chosen appropriate strategies to retain the formal,structural and cultural characteristics of the original text.The translations facilitate the understanding of the target group,have also met the principles of the above theories,which can be considered mostly as exemplary translations.