石漠化光伏场区土壤肥力质量空间分异特征

Spatial differentiation of soil fertility in a photovoltaic power station in rocky desertification zone

以石漠化光伏场区植被恢复土壤为研究对象,探究光伏场区环境异质性对土壤养分及肥力质量特征的影响,为石漠化脆弱区生态修复提供科技支撑。通过主成分分析及单因素方差分析,研究植被恢复土壤养分的水平(板间IP、前檐FP、后檐RP和板下UP)及垂向(0~20、20~40和40~60 cm)空间分异特征,评估光伏电板遮阴对土壤肥力的影响。结果表明:光伏电板不同程度遮阴对土壤水溶性有机碳和速效磷含量的影响较小,场区内不同位置均无显著差异(P>0.05),板下位置的全氮、全碳、硝氮浓度较板间有所升高,但差异不显著(P>0.05),速效钾含量显著升高(P<0.05);光伏板不同程度遮阴对土壤质量指数(SQI)无显著影响(P>0.05),土壤养分具有明显的表聚特性,说明光伏场区表层土壤的保护及改良对于植被恢复有重要意义。

We investigated the effects of environmental heterogeneity in photovoltaic(PV)field on soil nutrient and fertility quality of the vegetation⁃restored soil in PV field of rocky desertification area,aiming to provide scientific and technological support for ecological restoration in fragile rocky desertification area.The horizontal(intervals/underneath of panels and front/rear of panel eaves)and vertical(0-20,20-40,and 40-60 cm)spatial differenti⁃ation characteristics of soil nutrients in the vegetation restoration area were analyzed by principal component analysis and one⁃way ANOVA to assess the effects of shading by PV panels on soil fertility.The results showed that different degrees of shading of PV panels had minor effects on soil water⁃soluble organic carbon and available phosphorus concentrations,with no differences among different locations(P>0.05).Total nitrogen,total carbon and nitrate ni⁃trogen concentrations showed no difference in the location under the panels compared with the location between the panels(P>0.05),and available potassium concentration was significantly elevated(P<0.05).In addition,differ⁃ent degrees of shading of PV panels did not affect soil quality index(SQI)(P>0.05),and soil nutrients had sig⁃nificant surface aggregation characteristics,indicating that the protection and improvement of topsoil in the PV field is of great significance for vegetation restoration.