急性呼吸系统疾病患者呼吸困难信念与其焦虑情绪的关系

The relationship between beliefs about dyspnea and anxiety in patients with acute respiratory diseases

目的探讨急性呼吸系统疾病患者呼吸困难信念与其焦虑情绪的关系。方法本研究调查对象为2021年3月~2022年12月104例急性呼吸系统疾病患者,所有患者入院后均进行综合医院焦虑量表(HADS-A)评估,根据评估结果进行分组,即焦虑组与非焦虑组。比较两组患者文化程度、性别等一般资料以及呼吸困难信念量表(BBQ),并通过二元logistic回归分析调查焦虑情绪的影响因素。结果104例急性呼吸系统疾病患者38例具有焦虑情绪,轻度焦虑18例,中度焦虑15例,重度焦虑5例;焦虑组与非焦虑组文化程度、年龄、合并发热、入院时间、BBQ呼吸困难评分、活动恐惧评分差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组性别、疾病类型、居住地差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);二元logistic回归分析显示,小学文化程度、合并发热、年龄>60岁、BBQ呼吸困难评分、活动恐惧评分是焦虑情绪的影响因素。结论急性呼吸系统疾病患者焦虑情绪较为普遍,呼吸困难信念、文化程度等可能促进焦虑情绪的产生。

Objective To explore the relationship between beliefs about dyspnea and anxiety in patients with acute respiratory disease.Methods A total of 104 patients with acute respiratory diseases from March 2021 to December 2022 were the population of this study.All patients were assessed on admission with the comprehensive Hospital Anxiety Scale(HADS-A)and grouped according to the assessment results,i.e.,anxiety group versus non-anxiety group.General information such as education level and gender as well as the dyspnea belief scale(BBQ)were compared between the two groups.And the factors influencing anxiety were investigated by binary logistic regression analysis.Results Thirty-eight of 104 patients with acute respiratory disease had anxiety,18 cases of mild anxiety,15 cases of moderate anxiety,and 5 cases of severe anxiety.The differences in education,age,combined fever,time of admission,BBQ dyspnea score,and fear of activity score between the anxiety and non-anxiety groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).The differences in gender,disease type,and place of residence between the two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that elementary school education,combined fever,age>60 years,BBQ dyspnea score,and fear of activity score were influential factors for anxiety.Conclusion Anxiety is more prevalent in patients with acute respiratory disease,and dyspnea beliefs and literacy may promote anxiety.