绿安乐蜥微皮纹和皮肤感受器形态学与组织学研究

Morphology and Histology of Micro⁃Ornamentation and Skin Receptors of Anolis carolinensis

运用扫描电镜、组织切片、显微拍照等实验方法对绿安乐蜥Anolis carolinensis背部未蜕皮和蜕皮皮肤微皮纹及皮肤感受器形态、组织学进行了研究,发现未蜕皮和蜕皮皮肤的微皮纹和皮肤感受器特征、大小没有显著区别,因此蜕皮组织是研究这类结构的理想实验材料;鳞片表面的棘突与支柱构成了网状的三维结构,凹窝处有1~2个皮肤感受器;皮肤感受器真皮层内有真皮小体,绞合区域和皮肤感受器β-角质层和中层明显变薄。这些特点表明,绿安乐蜥背部表皮结构与栖息地及变色能力密切相关,在保护皮肤、实现自身伪装和调节体温等方面具有重要作用,研究结果有助于进一步了解其变色机理,能够为开发自主变色材料提供生物学依据,对于研究珍稀物种皮肤微观结构具有重要借鉴意义。

The micro-ornamentation and receptors on the back skin and molt of Anolis carolinensis were studied by using scanning electron microscopy,and histological methods.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the characteristics and size of the micro-ornamentation and skin receptors between the skin and molt.Thus,the molt is an ex‐cellent substitute for fresh skin in studying the structures of micro-ornamentation and skin receptors.The spines and struts on the surface of the scales constituted a three-dimensional network structure.There were 1-2 skin receptors in the scale fossa.There were dermal bodies with crescent-shaped nucleus in the skin receptors.Theβ-keretin and middle layer were extremely thin in the hinge region and the skin receptors.These results demonstrate that the epidermal structure of A.caro-linensis is closely related to its discoloration ability and adaptation to the environment.These structures play important roles in protecting the skin,achieving self-camouflage,regulating body temperature,and sensing mechanical stimuli.This study contributes to further understanding the discoloration mechanism,provides biological basis for developing autono‐mous discoloration materials,and thus has important reference significance for studying the skin micro-ornamentation of rare species.