岩土渗透破坏及其注浆防治研究综述

Summary of research on seepage failure and grouting preventiontechnology in rock and soil engineering

渗透破坏在堤坝、基坑及隧道等工程建设中广泛存在,渗透破坏会直接导致工程结构失效、人员伤亡及财产损失,因而亟需对岩土渗透破坏发生机理进行揭示,并提出安全有效的工程防治措施。对流土和管涌的渗透破坏机理进行了分析阐释,渗透破坏的发生取决于岩土自身的物理几何性状及外界水力因素的强弱,当渗流力大于土颗粒的有效重力时发生流土破坏,当岩土内部形成贯通通道时发生管涌破坏。对渗透、压密、劈裂注浆等岩土渗透破坏灾害防治原理进行了阐述,并对复合与超细水泥、地聚物、高聚物、微生物菌液等注浆防治材料进行了探讨,旨在为岩土工程病害防治提供技术保障。

Seepage damage is widely present in engineering construction such as embankments,foundation pits,and tunnels.It can directly lead to structural failure,casualties,and property losses.Therefore,it is urgent to reveal the mechanism of rock and soil seepage damage,and propose safe and effective engineering prevention and control measures.The mechanism of seepage failure in soil-flow and piping was analyzed and explained.It is believed that the occurrence of seepage failure depends on the physical and geometric properties of the rock and soil itself and the strength of external hydraulic factors.When the seepage force is greater than the effective gravity of soil particles,soil-flow failure occurs,and piping failure occurs when a through channel is formed inside the rock and soil.The prevention and control principles of rock and soil seepage damage disasters such as seepage,compaction,and splitting grouting were elaborated,and a discussions was conducted on composite and ultra-fine cement,geopolymer,high polymer,microbial liquid and other grouting prevention and control materials,aiming to provide technical support for the prevention and control of rock and soil engineering diseases.