乡村遗产阐释的历史文化主题框架建构与应用初探

Constructing and Applying a Thematic Framework for the Interpretation of Rural Heritage on its History and Culture

遗产阐释是将学术研究成果转化为社会教育资源的科学手段,可以实现文化遗产的利用、传承。针对我国乡村遗产阐释对象零乱、地方特色缺乏、历史文化内涵挖掘不足、文化主体表达缺位等问题,乡村遗产阐释要坚持面向公众教育的原则,以乡村聚落的生态、文化、社会意义为经,以乡村系统及其时空维度为纬,建构聚焦于乡村遗产历史文化的主题阐释框架。如浙江少妃、广西金江河、江苏石臼湖三个乡村遗产的主题阐释框架,分别以动态的社会网络、多样的文化交流和融合的生计模式为主题,有助于文化遗产实践由专业化保护向公众化教育的过渡。

Heritage practices are undergoing a transition from specialized preservation to public educa⁃tion.Heritage interpretation is a scientific method for transforming academic research results into resources for social education,enabling the use and inheritance of cultural heritage.Addressing issues such as isolated elements,lack of local characteristics,insufficient exploration of historical and cultural meanings,and ab⁃sence of cultural representation,this paper proposes three interpretative principles and a thematic frame⁃work for this complex living heritage.The framework is constructed with the ecological,cultural,and social meanings of a rural system,considering dimensions of its time and space,with a focus on the history and cul⁃ture of a rural site.Applying the framework to three rural heritage sites,namely,Shaofei in Zhejiang,Jinjiang River in Guangxi,and Shijiu Lake in Jiangsu,this paper explores different themes such as dynamic social networks,diverse cultural exchanges,and integrated livelihood patterns.It showcases the application path⁃ways of the framework and reveals the prospects for the application of this interpretive tool.