辣椒属4个栽培种对根际微生物群落的影响

Effects of Four Cultivated Capsicum Species on Rhizosphere Microbial Community

【目的】探明不同栽培种辣椒对根际微生物群落结构的影响,为根际微生物在辣椒栽培育种中应用提供参考。【方法】选取辣椒属一年生辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.,CA)、浆果状辣椒(C.baccatum,CB)、中国辣椒(C.chinense,CC)、灌木状辣椒(C.frutescens,CF)4个栽培种的秧苗根系附着土壤样本和未种植辣椒土壤样本(CK),通过Illumina-MiSeq高通量分析微生物群落差异。【结果】细菌中共有的OTUs数为450个,真菌中共有的OTUs数为150个,其中,CB处理(468个)高于CA处理(8个)、CC处理(84个)、CF处理(33个)和CK处理(33个)。4个种植辣椒的土壤样本中丰度最高的是变形菌门(Proteobacteria),分别是CA(42.27%)、CB(49.92%)、CC(50.04%)、CF(48.76%),显著高于CK的土壤28.43%。但在放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)中CK最高,为44.57%,种植辣椒的土壤样本中为CA(7.70%)、CB(6.92%)、CC(8.04%)、CF(7.22%)。在真菌中Chlorophyta是优势菌,以CA占比最高,达54.60%,第二、第三分别是未分类的真核生物和子囊菌门(Ascomycota),其中,CK丰度最高,达43.28%。经Brary-Curtis的聚类分析和PCoA分析,各处理细菌群落有显著差异,PCoA总解释度达83.74%。真菌中各处理差异较小,PCoA总解释度仅51.38%。经多样性分析,细菌中4个辣椒种植的土壤样本丰富度和多样性显著高于CK,但4个辣椒根际土壤样本之间丰富度和多样性无显著差异。真菌中则表现为CB处理显著提高菌群丰富度。【结论】相较于真菌,不同栽培种辣椒土壤间细菌群落结构和相对丰度有显著差异且各自群落较稳定,细菌对不同辣椒栽培种间根际分泌物的响应更敏感和准确。

【Objective】The effects of different cultivated pepper species on rhizosphere microbial community structure were explored to provide a reference for the application of rhizosphere microorganism in pepper breeding and cultivation.【Method】Taking soil samples without cultivating pepper as CK,the soil samples attached to the root of four cultivated pepper seedlings[Capsicum annuum L.(CA),C.baccatum(CB),C.chinense(CC)and C.frutescens(CF)]were selected to analyze the microbial community differences by Illumina-MiSeq.【Result】A total of common OTUs in bacteria was 450.There was 150 common OTUs in fungus,in which the OTUs of CB treatment(468)were higher than those in CA treatment(8),CC treatment(84),CF treatment(33)and CK(33).The highest abundance of soil samples from four cultivated peppers was Proteobacteria,respectively CA(42.27%),CB(49.92%),CC(50.04%)and CF(48.76%),which was higher than CK(28.43%)significantly.The highest abundance in Actinobacteriota was CK(44.57%),followed by CA(7.70%),CB(6.92%),CC(8.04%)and CF(7.22%).Chlorophyta was the dominant species in fungus,which was the highest in CA with 54.60%,followed by unclassified eukaryotes and Ascomycota,and the highest abundance in Ascomycota was CK,reaching 43.28%.Through Brary-Curtis clustering analysis and PCoA analysis,the bacterial community of each treatment had significant differences,and total interpretation of PCoA was up to 83.74%.There was little difference in fungi treatments,with only 51.38%of PCoA total interpretation.Based on the diversity analysis,the abundance and diversity of bacteria in soil samples from four cultivated peppers were higher than those of CK significantly,but there was no obvious difference among four treatments.CB treatment in fungi increased the population abundance significantly.【Conclusion】Compared with fungi,the community structure and relative abundance in bacteria of soil from different cultivated pepper species had significant difference and the population was relative stable,and the response of bacteria to rhizosphere secretion among different cultivated pepper species was more sensitive and accurate.