兰州百合营养成分分析及产地差异研究

Analysis of Nutrient Components in Lilium davidii var.unicolor from Different Provenances in Lanzhou

【目的】探明兰州百合营养品质产地差异,为兰州百合产品深度开发提供依据。【方法】针对甘肃榆中县、渭源县、七里河区、临洮县和永靖县5产区兰州百合20种营养成分数据,采用相应国标或地标检测和计算营养成分含量,并通过主成分分析(PCA)方法进行综合评价。【结果】甘肃5个种植区不同生态条件下,兰州百合鳞茎中水分含量58.67~60.80 g/100g,蛋白质含量8.06~9.84 g/100g,粗脂肪含量0.75~0.98 g/100g,直链淀粉含量5.63~7.52 g/100g,粗纤维含量1.37~1.87 g/100g,果胶含量0.82~0.97 g/100g,总糖含量72.60~74.53 g/100g,可溶性糖含量34.43~37.30 g/100g,还原糖含量1.27~1.47 g/100g,总皂苷含量0.0163~0.020 g/100g,维生素C含量0.0123~0.0152 g/100g,矿质元素含量丰富,其中部分成分含量在不同种植区存显著差异。水分与粗纤维含量、维生素C与粗多糖含量、蛋白质与K含量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),蛋白质与总灰分含量、还原糖与总皂苷含量、Ca与K含量均呈显著正相关(P<0.05),粗淀粉与总皂苷含量、Mg与P含量均呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。兰州百合鳞茎中的Mg、粗淀粉、Se、总灰分、Ca含量是不同产区兰州百合关键特征的差异成分。【结论】通过检测关键特征差异成分含量,可有效区分甘肃兰州百合产区。甘肃5个产区兰州百合综合营养品质评价结果为榆中县>渭源县>七里河区>临洮县>永靖县。

【Objective】The nutritional quality of Lilium davidii var.unicolor from different provenances in Lanzhou was explored to provide the basis for the in-depth development of L.davidii var.unicolor products.【Method】20 kinds of nutrient components of L.davidii var.unicolor in Yuzhong County,Weiyuan County,Qilihe District,Lintao County and Yongjing County were collected.The corresponding national standard or local standard was used to detect and calculate the nutrient content,and then the nutrient content was evaluated by principal component analysis(PCA).【Result】The content of water,protein,crude fat,amylose,crude fiber,pectin,total sugar,soluble sugar,reducing sugar,total saponins,Vc in bulbs of L.davidii var.unicolor were 58.67-60.80 g/100g,8.06-9.84 g/100g,0.75-0.98 g/100g,5.63-7.52 g/100g,1.37-1.87 g/100g,0.82-0.97 g/100g,72.60-74.53 g/100g,34.43-37.30 g/100g,1.27-1.47 g/100g,0.0163-0.020 g/100g and 0.0123-0.0152 g/100g,respectively.The contents of mineral elements were abundant,and partial component content were significantly different in different planting areas.Water and crude fiber,Vc and content of crude polysaccharides,protein and K content all showed very significantly positive correlation(P<0.01).Protein and total content of ash,reducing sugar and total content of saponin,Ca content and K content all showed significantly positive correlation(P<0.05).Crude starch and total content of saponin,Mg content and P content both showed obviously negative correlation(P<0.05).Mg,crude starch,Se,total ash and Ca content in bulbs of L.davidii var.unicolor were the components resulting different key traits of L.davidii var.unicolor from different areas of Lanzhou.【Conclusion】By detecting the content of key characteristic differential components,the production area of L.davidi i var.unicolor can be effectively distinguished.The results of comprehensive nutritional quality evaluation in 5 producing areas of Gansu were Yuzhong County>Weiyuan County>Qilihe District>Lintao County>Yongjing County.