可逆润湿型智能油水分离材料

Intelligent Oil/Water Separation Materials with Reversible Wettability

溢油事故的频繁发生以及工业含油污水的违规排放不仅造成了资源浪费,而且严重破坏了人类赖以生存的生态环境。可逆润湿型智能油水分离材料具有在亲水性和疏水性之间的循环切换特性,可以灵活处理各种油水混合物,表现出优异的油水分离能力。介绍了表面润湿现象及可切换润湿性机理,并根据材料所受外部刺激的不同,综述了pH响应型、温度响应型、光响应型及气体响应型等智能油水分离材料的研究进展。最后,提出了该研究领域目前存在的主要问题和面临的挑战,并对该领域未来的发展方向进行了展望。

The frequent occurrence of oil spill accidents and the illegal discharge of industrial oily sewage not only cause a waste of natural resources,but also seriously damage our ecological environment.Intelligent oil/water separation materials feature with the cyclically reversible wettability between hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity,which can flexibly deal with various oil/water mixtures and shows excellent oil-water separation ability.In this paper,the phenomenon of surface wettability and mechanism of switchable wettability are introduced,and the research progress of intelligent oil/water separation materials is reviewed according to the different external stimuli,such as pH,temperature,light,gas and etc.Finally,the main problems and challenges in this field are presented,and its future development direction is prospected.