服务贸易、营商环境与FDI质量——基于服务贸易创新发展试点的准自然实验

Trade in Services,Business Environment and FDI Quality--A Quasi-natural Experiment Based on the Pilot Programs on the Innovative Development of Trade in Services

本文基于服务贸易创新发展试点这一准自然实验,采用2009—2019年地级市层面数据构建FDI质量评价体系并采用熵值法进行测算,进一步运用双重差分法实证检验了服务贸易创新发展试点、营商环境与FDI质量三者之间的互动关系。研究发现:服务贸易创新发展试点政策显著提升了FDI质量,该结论经过安慰剂检验、工具变量等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;服务贸易创新发展试点政策通过优化营商环境提升了FDI质量,且主要通过政策环境、创新环境以及绿色环境改善的渠道进行传导;利用三重差分法考察发现服务贸易创新发展试点并未与其他开放政策产生叠加效应。本研究为各地区如何通过服务贸易发展提升FDI质量提供了经验依据。

Centered on a quasi-natural experiment on the pilot programs on the innovative development of trade in services,an FDI quality assessment system was built in this research based on the data collected from the prefecture-level cities between 2009 and 2019.Based on the system,this paper measured the FDI quality and empirically examined the relations'among the pilot programs,business environment and FDI quality by means of Entropy and Difference-in-Difference respectively.The experimental results show that:the pilot program significantly improves the FDI quality.Such conclusion withstands a series of robustness tests including Placebo Test and Instrumental Variables;the pilot program improves the FDI quality by optimizing business environment in terms of government policy,innovative capacity and environmental protection;the pilot program observes no superposition effect with other opening-up policies after being examined by means of Difference-in-Difference-in-Difference.This paper aims to provide a reference for the regions to improve the FDI quality through the development of trade in services.