基于动力学和声学仿真的损伤伸缩缝跳车噪声特征

Jumping Noise Characteristics of Damaged Expansion Joints Based on Dynamic and Acoustic Simulation

为将跳车噪声特征用于伸缩缝的健康监测,建立了无损和以路面破损导致伸缩缝钢筋外露为损伤特征的有损GQF-C型伸缩缝的仿真模型,采用动力学仿真获取车轮与伸缩缝跳车接触过程的加速度,再将加速度场在声学仿真中表征为声压,研究了不同跳车高度下不同点位麦克风采集到的声压分布,对比无损和有损伸缩缝噪声特征的差异。结果表明:无损和有损伸缩缝跳车噪声特征体现为声压幅值的差异,同时跳车高度也会影响噪声声压幅值,但相较于伸缩缝损伤引起的声压幅值变化影响小。此外,临近伸缩缝的麦克风测点位置对判定伸缩缝健康状态的影响较小。因此,利用跳车噪声可以实现伸缩缝的健康监测。

In order to utilize the properties of jumping noise for health monitoring of expansion joints,a simulation model was established for GQF-C type expansion joints,considering both healthy and damaged states.The damage was characterized by steel bar exposure resulting from pavement damage.By conducting dynamics simulation,the acceleration experienced during the jumping contact process between wheels and expansion joints was obtained.Subsequently,the acceleration field was transformed into sound pressure through acoustic simulation.The study focused on analyzing the sound pressure distribution recorded by microphones at various points under different jump heights,comparing the differences in noise characteristics between healthy and damaged expansion joints.The results indicate that the sound pressure amplitude is key in distinguishing between healthy and damaged expansion joints.Furthermore,while the height of the jump does influence the sound pressure amplitude,its impact is relatively small compared to the change caused by damage to the expansion joints.Interestingly,the proximity of the microphone measuring point to the expansion joint has minimal effect on the health status of the joint.Therefore,by utilizing jumping noise,it is possible to effectively monitor the health condition of expansion joints.