荆州地区学龄前儿童上呼吸道感染流行病学特征及人腺病毒基因型

Epidemiological characteristics of upper respiratory tract infection and genotypes of human adenovirus in preschool children in Jingzhou

目的探讨荆州地区学龄前儿童上呼吸道感染流行病学特征及人腺病毒(HAdV)基因型。方法选取2020年3月-2021年3月在荆州市中心医院收治的上呼吸道感染学龄前儿童735例为研究对象。采集鼻咽深部分泌物标本,运用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)毛细管电泳片段分析法对标本中13种呼吸道病毒进行检测,从病毒分布情况、季节因素,以及患儿年龄、性别等方面进行临床流行病学特点分析;并对人腺病毒(HAdV)基因分型进行分析。结果735例上呼吸道感染患儿中共检出7种病毒阳性258例,检出率35.10%;其中,呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)检出率最高为12.24%(90/735),其次为HAdV 8.44%(62/735);不同季节患儿总阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);RSV、副流感病毒2(PIV2)、副流感病毒3(PIV3)、HAdV在4个季节的检出率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄患儿总阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组RSV、PIV3、HAdV检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性患儿RSV检出率高于女性患儿(P<0.05);62例HAdV阳性患者中,检出C组49例(HAdV220例、HAdV514例、HAdV112例、HAdV63例),B组、E组分别11例(HAdV38例、HAdV73例)、2例(HAdV42例)。结论荆州地区学龄前儿童上呼吸道感染常见病毒以RSV、HAdV感染为主,且其分布存在季节、年龄和性别的差异。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of upper respiratory tract infection and genotypes of human adenovirus(HAdV)in preschool children in Jingzhou.METHODS A total of 735 preschool children with upper respiratory tract infection admitted to Jingzhou Central Hospital between Mar.2020 and Mar.2021 were selected as the research subjects.Specimens of deep nasopharyngeal secretions were collected,and 13 respiratory viruses were detected using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)capillary electrophoresis fragment analysis.The clinical epidemiological characteristics were analyzed in terms of viruses distribution,seasonal factors,age and gender of children,as well as the HAdV genotyping.RESULTS Among the 735 children with upper respiratory tract infection,258 cases were positive for seven viruses,with a detection rate of 35.10%.Among them,the highest detection rate was 12.24%(90/735)for respiratory syncytial virus,followed by 8.44%(62/735)for HAdV.The differences in total positive detection rate among children in different seasons were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were significant differences in detection rates of RSV,parainfluenza virus 2(PIV2),parainfluenza virus 3(PIV3)and HAdV in all four seasons(P<0.05).The differences in total positive detection rate among children at different age groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were significant differences in detection rates of RSV,PIV3 and HAdV among children at different age groups(P<0.05).The detection rate of RSV in boys was higher than that in girls(P<0.05).Of the 62 patients with HAdV positive,there were 49 cases in group C(20 cases with HAdV2,14 cases with HAdV5,12 cases with HAdV1,3 cases with HAdV6),11 cases(8 cases with HAdV3,3 cases with HAdV7)in group B and 2 cases(2 cases with HAdV4)in group E,respectively.CONCLUSION RSV and HAdV were the most common viruses of upper respiratory tract infection in preschool children in Jingzhou,and there were differences in their distribution in terms of different seasons,age and genders.