仿生超疏水表面的生物医学应用进展

Recent advances in bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces for biomedical applications

仿生超疏水表面已被广泛应用于健康、环境和能源等重大领域。首先,结合超疏水经典浸润理论,简要回顾了其仿生设计和制备技术。其次,超疏水表面存在高度疏水/憎血、生物/血液相容、抗血凝/血栓、表面抑菌、低生物黏附等显著的生物学效应,在生物医学领域引起了广泛的关注。本文重点综述了近年来超疏水表面在伤口愈合(止血敷料)、抗凝抗血栓(血液接触类医疗器械)、表面抗菌、药物释放、运动监测、生物芯片、镁合金防腐、生物医学检测等代表性领域的应用进展。最后,结合自身研究经验,展望分析了仿生超疏水表面在实际生物医学应用中尚存在的瓶颈,主要涉及机械耐久性、化学腐蚀性、生物污染性、界面构建技术和生物医学应用等方面。因此,聚焦实际功能和性能,超疏水表面最终将从概念设计走向工业应用。

Biomimetic superhydrophobic surfaces have been widely used in critical areas such as healthcare,environment,and energy.First,this work briefly reviewed bioinspired design and preparation technology,which combined with theoretical basis on superhydrophobicity.Second,due to the significant biological effects for high water/blood-repellency,biological/blood compatibility,anticoagulation/thrombosis,anti-bacteria,low bio-adhesion,etc.,superhydrophobic surfaces have attracted much attention in biomedical applications.The present work mainly focused on summarizing representative applications of bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces in wound healing(hemostatic dressings),anti-coagulation/anti-thrombotic(blood-contact medical devices),antibacterial surfaces,drug release,motion monitoring,biochips,anticorrosion of magnesium alloy,biomedical detection and so on in recent years.Finally,combining with our own research experience,we deeply analyzed the existing issues and challenges of bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces in practical biomedical applications,mainly involving mechanical durability,chemical corrosion,biofouling,interfacial construction,and biomedical applications.Therefore,focusing on practical functions and high performance,conceptual design of superhydrophobic surfaces will be moved toward industrial applications.