超极化气体磁共振成像在放射性肺损伤方面的研究进展

Research progress of hyperpolarized gas magnetic resonance imaging in radiation-induced lung injury

放射性肺损伤(RILI)是胸部恶性肿瘤放疗后常见并发症,可分为早期放射性肺炎(RP)和晚期放射性肺纤维化(RILF)。目前临床上主要使用X射线成像及核医学成像这两类影像手段诊断RILI,但均对早期的放射性肺炎不敏感。当RP进展为RILF时,则不可逆转且无有效治疗药物,患者最终会因呼吸功能衰竭而死亡。超极化气体的磁共振成像在肺功能及结构成像方面有独特优势,目前主要使用超极化^(3)He及^(129)Xe气体等,可用于RILI特别是RP的及时、有效评估。本文就超极化气体磁共振成像在RILI方面的研究进行文献综述。

Radiation-induced lung injury(RILI)is a common complication after radiotherapy for chest malignant tumor,which can be divided into early radiation pneumonia(RP)and late radiation lung fibrosis(RILF).At present,X-ray imaging and nuclear medical imaging are mainly used in clinical diagnosis of RILI,but they are not sensitive to early radiation pneumonia.When RP progresses to RILF,it is irreversible and there is no effective treatment drug,and the patient will eventually die of respiratory failure.The magnetic resonance imaging of hyperpolarized gases has unique advantages in lung function and structural imaging.At present,hyperpolarized ^(3)He and ^(129)Xe gases are mainly used,which can be used for the timely and effective evaluation of RILI,especially RP.In this paper,the research of hyperpolarized gas magnetic resonance imaging in RILI is reviewed.