早期综合康复护理及延续性护理对低体质量早产儿神经发育结局的影响研究

Effects of early comprehensive rehabilitation nursing and continuous nursing on neurodevelopmental outcomes of low birth weight preterm infants

目的研究对低体质量早产儿实施早期综合康复护理干预及延续性护理干预效果及对其神经发育结局的影响。方法纳入2018年8月至2020年6月在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院临平院区分娩及进行儿童保健的106例低体质量早产儿作为研究对象,应用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组53例。对照组给予常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予早期综合康复护理干预及延续性护理进行干预,比较干预后两组家属对低体质量早产儿保健知识掌握程度,并比较两组低体质量儿月龄满3、6、12、18、24个月的体格发育和神经发育情况,统计两组低体质量儿月龄满24个月神经发育结局。结果干预后,观察组家属保健知识知晓率及月龄满6、12、18、24个月的体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)和盖泽尔发育诊断量表(Gesell developmental diagnosis scale,GDDS)评分均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05);观察组不良神经发育结局发生率明显低于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论早期综合康复护理干预及延续性护理对低体质量早产儿的干预效果良好,可提升家属低体质量儿保健知识掌握程度,配合医护人员实施有效干预,进而有效促进其体格发育和神经发育,减少不良神经发育结局的发生风险。

Objective To study the effect of early comprehensive rehabilitation nursing intervention and continuing nursing on neurodevelopmental outcomes of low birth weight preterm infants.Methods A total of 106 low birth weight preterm infants who delivered and received child health care in Linping District,the Second Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine from August 2018 to June 2020 were enrolled as the research objects.They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 53 cases in each group.The control group given routine nursing intervention,the observation group in the control group given on the basis of early comprehensive rehabilitation nursing intervention and continuity nursing intervention,compare the two groups after intervention families of low weight premature infants health care knowledge level,and compare the two groups of low birth weight of 3,6,12,18,24 months of physical development and neural development situation,The neurodevelopmental outcomes of low birth weight infants at 24 months of age were analyzed.Results After intervention,the awareness rate of health care knowledge,body mass index(BMI)and Gesell developmental diagnosis scale(GDDS)score of family members at 6,12,18 and 24 months of age in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes was significantly lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion Early comprehensive rehabilitation nursing intervention and continuing nursing intervention have good effects on low birth weight preterm infants,which can improve the mastery of health care knowledge of low birth weight infants of their families,cooperate with medical staff to implement effective intervention,and then effectively promote their physical development and neurological development,and reduce the risk of adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes.